BB News No. 66 dtd 15 Oct 1999

THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 66 DEDICATED TO AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN BURGENLAND FAMILY HISTORY (issued biweekly by Gerald Berghold) October 15, 1999 (all rights reserved) "I can trace my ancestry back to a protoplasmal primordial atomic globule." - W.S. Gilbert: The Mikado Note to recipients. If you don't want to receive Burgenland Bunch newsletters, use the Membership Forms to change your status. We can not help with non-Burgenland family history. Comments and articles are appreciated. **** NOTE-WHEN YOU TELL US TO CHANGE EMAIL ADDRESSES, WE MUST CHANGE ROOTS-L DISTRIBUTION LISTS. WE MUST CANCEL THE OLD AND SET UP THE NEW. YOU THEN RECEIVE TWO ROOTS-L MESSAGES, ONE SAYS "SUBSCRIBED",THE OTHER SAYS "UNSUBSCRIBED". NOT TO WORRY-YOU'RE STILL SUBSCRIBED. IGNORE THESE ROOTS-L MESSAGES. **** This first section of the 3-section newsletter contains: - Güssing Family Names, - Religion and Records in the Burgenland, - Burgenland Currency - Current & Historical, and - Family Documents. GÜSSING FAMILY NAMES AS MENTIONED IN EARLY RECORDS (by G. Berghold) (Extracted from "Stadterhebung Güssing 1973-Festschrift", wherein Father Gratian Leser's articles in the 1930's Güssinger Zeitung and the Draskovich-Batthyány Archives are often quoted as sources). 1140-1150 AD "Wolfer (Walfer) and brother Heinrich (Hederich)" from Viltonia or Honnsburg (Styria) with forty riders" build a wooden castle (and dwelling place) on Mons (Berg) Kiscen. (Simon de Geza writing in the "Gesta Hungarorum of 1282). Marcus de Kalt writes in 1358, "Then came Wolfgerus with his brother Hederich, who descended from the Counts of Hainburg, from Deutschland with 300 heavy cavalry." 1157 Wolfger establishes a Benedictine Cloister and endows it with 10 vineyards, 12 Hufen (unit of measure) of fields and pasture land, 57 people and 24 dwellings. 1198 An Urkunde mentions the building of a masonry fortress "Novum Castrum (New Castle) in this year, replacing a wooden structure. (Hungarian "Nemetjuvar" - "the German fortress". 1200 The cloister is dissolved and a masonry castle constructed by order of King Bela III. 1228-1235 The Pope's Urkundes from these years still mention a Benedictine Cloister "Monasterium S. Mariae de Monte Quizin" which either still accompanies the castle or was the Papacy's way of still laying claim to it. 1387 Line of the Counts of Güssing dies out. Herrschaft given to Peterfi Family. 1400's Herrschaft mortgaged and lost to the Nikolaus Ujlaky family. 1524 Ujlaky line becomes extinct and Herrschaft Güssing given to Franz Batthyány, Ban of Croatia, by King Louis (Ludwig) II. First Mention Of Other Than Dynastic Names: 1538-1544 Tradesmen in this period were mostly German and included Urbanus Filcher, Blasius Laneator (butcher), Florianus Kowach (smith), Gregor Laneator, the widow of Krämer Wolfgang and the widow of Krämer Benedikt. Nikolaus Soldos and Georgius Cherek were two Hungarian merchants. Nikolaus Sanko....Anthonius de Bozis. 1545 An urbar taken on the feast day of the holy martyr George in 1545 by Franz von Batthyány, mentions the names of Blasius Mysyak, Peter Horwath, Markus Rogosar, Jakob Dambsics, Nikolaus Doitsics, Stefan Toth, Simon Sostarics, Blasius Stansics, Martin Nagy, Peter Robik, Matthias Hirgwala, Matthias Kiss, Georg Paulikovics, Matthias Kehen, Matthias Belkovics, Johann Gerdasics, Georg Toth, Barnabus Toth, Johann Berksycs and Peter Medvics.(Ed. Note - these were probably all close members of his personal military entourage who accompanied him from Croatia. The names Horwath, Toth, Nagy and Kiss are still much in evidence in the Güssing area). 1635 Ten Hungarian cavalry captains were part of the castle garrison. Names Kaldy, Palasthy, Etheny, Fancsy, Hogyeszy, Hidassy, Pottyondy, Vadas, Kun, Keczer. Each was responsible for 13 to 87 men. The urbar of 1635 mentions 42 houses in the "innere Stadt" (inner city within the defensive works). 26 were Hungarian, 7 German, 6 Croatian. Names were Sanko, Horvath, Farkas, Vincze and Solyom, Franczicz Berendi, Kopjajarto. Boros, Prosnyak, Voinovics, Lusaikovics, Varadi, Foit, Szarka, Jobbagy, Hahoty, Pogany, Boldisar Deak, Falusy Deak, Baraszowicz, Kisfaludy, Szilagyi, Pernesy, Kasnar (Kastner), Czenczy, Bozay, Binkly (Winkler), Puskarics, Etvs, Bodar (Bader), Bernard. In "der Hofstat" (outer city-including Langzeil and Rosenberg) were 88 houses, 48 Hungarian, 17 German and 5 Croatian; three families Varga, Czismasia, Toth and Alcz; two Sanko, Hahoti, Trombitas, Sziarto, Czizar, Osbold (Oswald), Beller (Weller), Boros and Horvatt; also a Etvs, Barbely, Maihanowics, Voinovics, Erdely, Solyom, Boldisar Deak, Szcz, Medvesy, Farkas, Gomkt (Gombkt), Szamaros, Szarkzy, Gdry, Karoly, Longh (Lang), Fronk (Frank), Harbud, Kopas, Praschay, Herian, Kefer, Drabont (Trabant), Nagy, Kenyeres, Szabo, Czigan, Doctor Purgolt, Verhas, Bakfldy, Kotsis, Barbaricz, Lakatiarto, Nemeth, Nadaly, Puskarics, Boite (Beythe) and Bodar (Bader). Also a cowherd, a swine herd, an Hungarian brick maker, a German weaver (first Weber?), a Turkish tailor, a German locksmith, a laundry, a blacksmith, a distillery, a parish house, a "Wirtshaus" (tavern), a mill and offices of the Herrschaft. The urbar is in Hungarian and Lakatyarto=Schlosser, Gombkt=Huter, Etvs=Goldschmeid, Szabo=Schneider, Sziarto=Reimer, Cziszar=Waffenschmeid. 1727 On 4 January 1727, the town council assembled with the following present: Statt Richter (like mayor), the noble Johann Michael Masznacky, council members Georg Kollmann, Georg Rssler, Mathiasz Graff, Christoph Schwarz, Johannes Spanring, Jacob Hack, Johann Karlowitsch, Frantz Prieling, Michael Sorger and Johannes Gabler. (Ed. Notice the prevalence of German as opposed to Hungarian or Croatian names.) 1732 The Batthyány urbar of 1732 mentions 36 houses in the Inneren Stadt (13 Hungarian, 3 German) against 141 in the Vorstadt (91 German, 6 Hungarian and 9 Croatian). It appears that within 100 years there has been considerable German immigration. Also in 1736, 24 Jewish families appear in Güssing. Samedl, Mayerl, Volff Samuel, Moyses Samuel, Lazar Joseph, Leebel, Adam Schneider, Boruk, Jacob Israel, Lebel Isaak, Samson Sachter, Isaac, Joseph Ferencz, Urban Isaac, Lebel Jacob, Hirsl Jacob, Joseph, Abraham Perll, Joseph Kloser, Leffmon, Moyses Adam, Joseph Salamon, Abraham Barok, Moyses Abraham - a total of 76 in all. 1750 In the vicinity of Krottendorf (nw and part of the outer city) are 17 houses with the following families (occupations in German follow some names). Georg Kratzer, Hans Geigner, Matthias Klanacsky, Weber, Untertan aus Eisenhüttl; Georg Frisch, Leibkutscher; Hans Preiner, Heizer, Georg Fuchs, Schumacher; Martin Unger, Trabant; Martin Preiner, Schweinehalter; Simom Mayr, "Huitter"; Georg Szakacsics, Johann Deutsch, Christian Friedrich, Ochsenknecht; Christoph Artinger, Johannes Karlovics, Nicholaus Marther, Simon Gugonaufer, Bcker. A lengthy listing of inhabitants both in the inner and outer city is also available. This will be published in subsequent newsletters. RELIGION AND RECORDS IN THE BURGENLAND (Father Bob Poandl, Gerry Berghold) Bob writes: "Thanks very much for the information on your family. My grandfather, Stephen Poandl, was Catholic. My grandmother was neither Catholic nor Lutheran but Evangelical. When I visited Austria I was pressed for time but did drive past an Evangelical Church in Rudersdorf." Ed: Lutheran and Evangelical are synonymous terms in Austria. Also referred to as "Augsburg Confession". The history of the church in the Burgenland is fascinating. I've found that in southern Burgenland it pays to search the records of all faiths. The Batthyány Family (the Herrschaft or aristocracy) were very tolerant and during a period when religious feelings ran high (Reformation, Counter Reformation, the 30 Year's War, etc.) their tolerance attracted settlers (refugees) of all persuasions. Hebrew, Catholic, Lutheran and Calvinist (the latter being mostly Hungarian). In 1538 Mathias Biro von Devai, a follower of Luther, began preaching in Güssing. Very charismatic, he soon converted the region. Balthasar Batthyány (1543-1590), who then had the Herrschaft of Güssing took a Lutheran wife and turned protestant as a result. Thus most of southern Burgenland (below Oberwart) became Lutheran. "Cuius regio eius religio" -he who reigns determines religion. Since Styria and other surrounding Germanic regions were and remained strongly Catholic, many Lutherans migrated to Batthyány territory creating the small Lutheran enclaves you find today around Eltendorf, Kukmirn and Stegersbach(about 14% of Austria today is still Lutheran). There are also some enclaves in what was Esterhazy territory (northern Burgenland) around Rust and Mürbisch am See. Balthasar's grandson Adam; however, returned to the Catholic church in 1630. The crown also declared for the Catholic faith. This ended the protestant era in the Burgenland and within 20 years Lutheran churches were closed or again Catholic, although Lutheran prayer houses (Bethausen) were still allowed. Adam then built the existing Franciscan Cloister and Kirche Maria Heimsuchung in Güssing making this region a very strong Catholic center. In 1781 Joseph II issued the Tolerance Patent, which again allowed Lutheran churches, and most now date from that time. In some villages we find both Lutheran and Catholic churches (Kukmirn, Stegersbach, etc.). The present spirit seems to be an ecumenical one and I've attended joint memorial services honoring emigrants to America because of monetary help they've supplied over the years to rebuild churches, etc. During WWII, churches in Heiligenkreuz, Eltendorf, Königsdorf and elsewhere suffered much war damage as the Russians moved west. All this helps me understand my ancestors better, but my main interest is in the availability of records. The church records of baptism, marriage and death are the most complete. In Latin, German and Hungarian, some are in script but they can be translated. To find them we must know the history of the church in the area. Very little has survived from the 1500's. Many churches did not keep records until about 1550 (decreed by the Council of Trent) and many that were kept were probably destroyed when the Turks moved on Vienna. Later in 1602, the Kurruzen Wars (Hungarian revolution) destroyed what remained (Güssing and most villages in the district were burned at this time). Later (1683) the Turks came again to Vienna. As a result, records before 1700 are scarce. Most churches start around 1770. Some out of the way Hungarian churches have records from the 1600's. Some Austrian catholic records predating those stored in churches are available at the Diozesanarchiv in Eisenstadt. We have corresponded with Dr. Hans Peter Zelfel who is the custodian and some of our members have visited and copied records. Lutheran records for the most part are located in the churches. During the Nazi era, some were photocopied (the records show stamps to that effect) and may be in Lutheran Archives or they were sent to Berlin and lost. The LDS (Mormon Church) microfilmed everything (all of today's Burgenland churches of all faiths) available in archives in Budapest (mostly church 1828-1896 and civil 1896-1921). They have not as yet been successful in copying pre 1828 records or many from other Austrian states. There is still some reluctance to allow LDS copiers everywhere. These LDS records, available from their family history centers have become the main source of Burgenland genealogical data in the US. I have since learned that that are is also an LDS family history center in Vienna. Having exhausted these records for my families, I'm now looking for any older surviving ones. It's just possible that some may exist in some of the church libraries, monasteries, state archives, family holdings, etc. The Cloister in Güssing as an example has a large library of incunabula and early church records and books which have only been studied by a few people. It is not generally open to the public. Father Gratian Leser (Prior and Librarian-now deceased) translated some in the 1930's dealing with village history, published them in the Güssing Zeitung and we've (Albert Schuch, et al) translated those into English. The Batthyány archives now in Budapest have only been scratched. The Esterhazy records in Castle Forchtenstein are also not generally available to the public. There is more and more interest in this area and many Austrian-Hungarian scholars are using the subject for dissertations. Thus they dig for us. Problem is getting English translations. We have also been able to locate and translate some early Canonical Visitation and Urbar records from the 1600's. They mention family names but give no details. Still they prove the existence of a family name at an early period and may someday lead to place of origin. I also find that church record keeping differs in various parishes, almost at the whim of the parish priest-some kept more records than others. So the search continues. BURGENLAND CURRENCY - CURRENT & HISTORICAL Albert Schuch copied me when he answered a question from Bob Schatz. As is often the case, this suggested the subject for an article. The many different types of currency and coin circulating in the Burgenland area over the centuries would have required the services of an accountant. Most aristocrats or merchants used money changers, bankers, stewards or keepers of the exchequer. I'm only going to list later-period coins and monetary units originating in Austria or Hungary. Be aware many others circulated quite freely. If some economist in the BB would like to try calculating current values in dollars I'd be forever in their debt. Albert writes: Bob, following is my answer to a question I received recently. I think you sent a similar question some time ago and I never replied. Maybe this answer is of use to you too. Question... 4400 florins. I tried to look florins up and found no information, do you know how that would convert to dollars? Answer... The florin (in German: Gulden) was the standard currency unit in Austria-Hungary until 1892, when it was replace by the Krone (2 Gulden = 1 Krone). My Muret-Sanders-Dictionary (published in 1905) gives the following information: 1 Krone = 0.203 Golden Dollars or 0.196 Silver Dollars; which makes 1 Krone = 20.263 Cents or 19.644 Cents (s.c.) Hence: 1 florin = 0.405 Golden Dollars or 0.393 Silver Dollars; which makes 1 florin = 40.525 Cents or 39.287 Cents Some Austrian-Hungarian Coins and Units of Currency (see "Dictionary of Coin Names," Adrian Room, Routledge, Keegan, Paul Publishers 1987). Conventionstaler - a thaler struck in 1753 following agreement that 2 gulden were to be worth 1 thaler. Best known after 1780 was Maria Theresia thaler. Ducat - well known silver or gold coin circulating for years in many forms throughout Europe. First gold ducat issued in Venice in 1284. Filler - low value coin of Hungary corresponding to the heller. In 1892 worth 1/100th of Austrian krone. In 1925 1/100th of a pengo. Currently 1/100th of a forint. Florin - name from gold coins of Florence first struck in the mid 13th century. Became interchangeable with other gold coins of equal weight. Forint - Hungarian equivalent of the florin equal to 100 filler. Again introduced in 1946 to take the place of the pengo. Now aluminum. Fünfzehnkreuzer-15 kreuzer coin of Austria struck 1659-64 under Leopold I to pay for Turkish War expenses Goldgulden - main gold coin of southern Germany from 15th century. Issued to supercede gold coins of Italy (like florin). About the size of a ducat but not as pure or heavy in gold. Groschen - chief silver coin of the Holy Roman Empire, now 1/100th of the Austrian schilling. (in Germany the name can be used to mean a 10 pfennig piece). Gulden - original gold coin of Germany, Austria and Hungary. Corresponded to the florin, and Dutch guilder. In use 14th to 17th centuries. Silver thaler was also referred to as gulden. Haler - smallest unit of Czech currency =1/100th koruna. Equals Hungarian heller. Heller - silver coin first struck in Germany in the 13th century. Spread to Austria when struck as a copper piece. In Austria equal to 1/100th of a krone from 1893-1925. Koruna - silver coin of Hungary 1892-1925. Kreuzer - Austrian copper coin equal to 1/100th of a florin as late as 19th century. Krone - Austrian silver coin from 1892-1925 with a value of 100 hellers. Pictures a crown. Maria Theresa Thaler - best known of all silver thalers in use 1753-1960's (throughout mideast). Date frozen at 1780. High quality minting and silver content. Has portrait of Empress Maria Theresa. Still a fine Austrian souvenier. Marienducat - various ducats which portrayed Virgin Mary. Hungarian struck in 17th century, also Marienthaler. Mark (from 1924 Reichsmark - now Deutschmark) - German coin struck in 1506. In silver in 1873, value was set as 100 pfennigs. Pengo - silver coin of Hungary 1925-1946 = 100 filler. Pfennig - well known German coin originated as silver denier, later (16th century) copper piece, now worth 1/100th of a mark. It, penny and pengo are all derived from the Roman denarius. Schilling - main monetary unit and coin of Austria since 1925. Divided into 100 groschen. Name relates to English shilling. Value fluctuates between .08 and .09 dollars, Thaler - the predecessor and progenitor of the dollar. Originated in the Tyrol and Bohemia. Large silver coin originally equal in value to a gold gulden. First minted in 1518 in "Joachimsthal" mine (Joachim's Valley) hence "thaler". Became popular on an international scale. Accepted everywhere. When Austrian gulden was introduced, value was set as 2 gulden = 1 thaler. Ungaro - Italian name for Hungarian ducat. FAMILY DOCUMENTS (Suggested by Dave Schmaldienst and Joe Jarfas) Families save all sorts of things. Some have genealogical value. My grandfather Sorger had a big iron Meilinck safe on his 2nd floor in Allentown. It required three men and a boy to move it. When I opened it in 1982 hoping to find treasure, I wasn't disappointed. Found some old Austrian pocket watches, a gold coin and other bits of personal jewelry, old deeds, cancelled mortgages etc. The family naturalization papers were there as well as certificates of birth, marriage, death and some old European correspondence. No passports or emigration papers. There were some strange things, like receipts for burials that took place years ago, tradesmen's receipts from when the house was built and a stack of receipted tax and water bills. Had any been in Hungarian I'd have tried to translate them and been disappointed. Now along comes Dave Schmaldienst who found just such a trove and he asks if I know what they are. These are in Hungarian so I can just scratch the surface, (my answers are in parens) and I sent them to Joe Jarfas. His answers follow: I. Kotelezveny (Indenture or agreement?) This could be a mortgage, intent to buy or sell real estate or something similar. (Would the document be folded along the long axis and written accordingly? - at least on one side?)Dave if you have a scanner and attach it to an E-mail I can tell more. II. Hazassagi anyakonyvi kivonat. (abstract from marriage certificate) 35 szam (number) 1897 Down the page a little 1. mint volegeny: Schmaldinst Josef (groom's name) 2. mint menyasszony: Simandel Julianna (bride's name) Stamped in purple ink on the bottom on the page a circle RADAFALVAI ( this is the Hungarian name for Rudersdorf) (A crest in the center) ANYAKONYVI KEROLET (request for registration of birth or marriage) This should tell you Josep and Julianna's parents, address and age. III. The next certificate is all hand written and very hard to read Top left corner is two numbers 8493 897 To the right of the numbers is the following as best as I can read it. Szimandel Julianna pevj. Schmaldinst Jonsefue nt hideg Ruti la Ros Revvenye -- Hidedkuti vros trvnye? or ??? This is a deposit or statement to a notary - from the looks of it. It might have involved the sale of a real estate, possibly as a result of leaving. Or it could be a tax statement to make sure they fulfilled their obligation to the state. Again a scan would help. (I have some similar documents regarding real estate transactions - all hand written - so I know what it looks like to you ... and I know the language!) IV The certificate is part printed and mostly hand written Tekintetes kir.jarasbirosag mint telekkonyvi hatosaghoz Szent-Gotthardon KERVENYE (application) This is definitely a real estate transaction of sorts. Whenever somebody bought or sold real estate it had to go to the circuit court to record the deed or change owners, etc. since the courts were the holders of registration records. V. A Mortage paper from Allentown, Lehigh County listing the Mortgage book and page. This of course you recognize as the same in English. Newsletter continues as no. 66A THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 66A DEDICATED TO AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN BURGENLAND FAMILY HISTORY (issued biweekly by Gerald Berghold) October 15, 1999 This second section of the 3-section newsletter is - the twelfth and final installment of the Frank Teklits translation of "Volk an der Grenze ..." (People on the Border), the history of the Croatians in Burgenland, written by Johann Dobrovich. - notice of charter member Mike Spahitz's move to California, and - Correspondence from Bob Strauch. "VOLK AN DER GRENZE" We have published most of this book in serial form. The previous edition ended with Chapter 30. Chapter 31, which deals with religious matters during the Reformation and Counter Reformation has been excluded, since previous chapters included much of this material. The chapter does highlight those involved in conversion to the Lutheran faith and subsequent re-conversion to Catholicism. As such, few family names are mentioned although the religious preferences and activities of the aristocratic families and the prime movers in each diocese are spelled out. Anyone desiring a translation of Chapter 31 may contact Frank Teklits. Chapter 32 summarizes this book and ends this translation except for a Croatian village listing which follows as an addendum. The list will be useful for those interested in the Croatian names of the villages inhabited by Croatian settlers. The German names are given first. We again extend our thanks to Frank for his scholarly and arduous translation and to Albert and Inge Schuch for their invaluable assistance in providing translation of archaic and historical terms. Last but not least, our thanks to Johann Dobrovich and his publishers for graciously providing permission to publish this work in our newsletter. Let me emphasize that I know of no other work in English which provides the history of the Burgenland Croatians. As such, it is the first of the five racial histories necessary to our research in this area. It is hoped that we can eventually bring you the German, Hungarian, Hebrew and Gypsy histories in the same manner. Chapter XXXII Epilogue It has been seen that the Croats were called onto the Balkans in the 7th century by the East Roman Emperor Herakles. There they took up the fight with the Awars, who had settled into the former Roman Provinces of Dalmatia, Illyria, and Pannonia, and after a struggle of several years, the Croats destroyed the Awars Kingdom in the south. As a result, they created a mortal enemy with the East Roman Empire that enabled Byzantium to concentrate its military strengths on the Arabian invasion. The fact that the Croats succeeded to take away the southern half of the Empire of the powerful Awars, who ruled Hungary, Carniola, Styria, Lower Austrians, and the present day Yugoslavians, gives us an idea of the importance of their military power. Not until 150 years later in the two Wars of 791 and 796 was Karl the Great able to conquer the northern half of the Awar Empire. Furthermore, the immigration of the Croats into the Balkans meant a strengthening of the Christian camp, as the Croats accepted Christianity and lived in peace with the East Roman Empire. The peaceful attitude of the Croats towards their neighboring nations represents a remarkable fact in European history, since in their 1300 year-old history, they never attacked, conquered, or plundered an adjoining nation. The Turkish occupation of Croatian soil, after the step by step conquest of the remaining Balkan States in the 15th and 16th centuries, brought on the darkest hour in the history of the Croatian people. In a time span of 177 years, half a million people were abducted and put into slavery, thousands fell in a war offering no prospects of winning, and thousands more had to flee and leave their homeland. Despite everything however, they did not follow the example of the Bogumile who accepted the doctrine of Mohammed and were allowed to retain everything they owned. The Croats would also have been able to expect preferential treatment if they had converted to the Orthodox faith. The Turks favored all Christians disassociated from Rome for political reasons. Zimmermann remarks correctly: "They (the Turks - Editor) viewed the Catholics as supporters of the Pope whom they viewed as their primary enemy in the European defensive front. During their conquering marches towards the west, the Turks frequently destroyed, subjected, and abducted into slavery everything which stood in their way." The Croats did not take refuge in opportunistic actions, even when they were left alone in their struggle for survival as a result of the religious quarrels among the European Christians. The path of the Croatian refugees from Croatia has been followed up to the new homeland. After a long investigation, it was successfully proved that the so-called "Walachs" who immigrated into the former Domains of Schlaining, Rechnitz, and Rotenturm in the 17th century were neither Walachs nor Serbians, but Catholic Croats. The appendix gives us an insight into the feudal system until the liberation of the farmers and the repeal of the Urbarial obligation. In the last chapter we referred to the actions of the Haiducken (military unit of Stefan Bocskay) and the Turkish and Tatar soldiers in 1605. The devastation that punished particularly the Batthyány villages was not well suited to facilitate the mission of the serving ministry. Balthasar and Franz Batthyány employed Protestant ministers for the Catholic Croats, most of who spoke no Croatian. In spite of this, there is no shred of supporting evidence that the Croatian subjects had given up their Catholic Religion. The reports of the ecclesiastical inspections of the 17th century also testify to the religious loyalty of the Croats. The history of the Croatians has now been followed up to the 17th Century. In the confusing abundance of details, it is necessary not to lose the perspective that the Croats were a people on the border, both in the old and new homeland. There the Croats protected the threatened Byzantium and built a Christian state. After they were a mature member of the Western Civilization, the Croatians did not hesitate to defend it even without assistance from neighboring states. They rebuilt the destruction in their new homeland, and always retained what came down from their fathers. ADDENDUM Village Register of German-Croatian Names & Places Mentioned in Text (Numbers following village or city names designate page numbers where they will be found in original publication. Croatian names are given for those villages settled by Croatians.) Adrianopel - 14, Agendorf - 66, Agram - 9, 10, 14, 19, 34, 41, 49, 54, 72, 90, 97, Agyagos - 56, Alexandria - 10, Alhau - 27, Allersdorf - 27, 33, 37, 49 Allersgraben-Rauhriegel - 33, 37, 49, 50, Althodis - 33, 37, 40, 48, Altschlaining -27, 37, 40, 49, 50, Ambus - 25, Amhagen - 32, 33, 34, 60, Amselfeld - 15, Andau - 68, Antau - 25, 30, 54, 59, 60, 62, Antiochia - 10, Apetlon- 29, 30, 56, Aquileja - 90, Asow - 8, Aspang - 31,65, Asszonyfalva - 85, 95, 96 Baden - 30, 58, Badersdorf - 27, Bajngrob - 53, Bandol - 49, Banja Luka - 29, 35, Baratok - 46, Baumgarten - 3, 23, 29, 30, 31, 54, 57, 64, 65, 72, 76, 78, 80, 81, Beled - 56, Belgrade - 23, 72, Belica - 93, Berek - 43, Berkifalu - 43, 45, Bernstein - 48, 93, Besztercebanya - 84, Bezonja - 68, Bihac - 23, Bijelo Selo - 67, 74, Bijela, Stijena - 19, 32, Billern - 24, Bleigraben - 52, 54, 85, Blumau - 53, Bojane(Steingraben) - 43, Bosarkany - 56, Bsing - 67, Bosnjak-Brig - 49, Bozjakovina - 19, Bozok - 50 , Breitenbrunn - 60, Brinje - 39, Brlog - 39, Buchschachen 27, Budapest - 22, 39, 54, 78, 79, 88, Buk - Wichs - 56, 96, Burg an der Pinka 27, Buzet - 75, Byzanz - 14, 100, 101 Cajta - 48, Cak - Zachenbach - 50, Canisa - 41, Cattaro - 13, 14, 87, Cazma - 19, Celindof - 60, Cenk - 84, Cemba - 48, Cesno - 59, Ciklez - 60, Cilli - Celje - 19, Cindrof - 65, Cogrstof - 58, Csapod - 55, Csatar - 46, 49,93, 97, Csepreg - 56, 73, 83, 84, 85, 93, 94, 97, Csomote - 56, Cunovo - 24, 68 Deutsch-Gerisdorf - 84,Deutschkreutz - 37, 46, 55, 56, 84, 85, Deutsch-Kukmirn - 45, Deutsch Reinersdorf -, Deutsch-Schützen - 43, Deutsch-Stegersbach - 45, Deutsch Tschantschendorf - 45, Dörfel - 51,83, 84, 89, Dolnja Pulja - 51, Dolnji Catar - 48, Donnerskirchen - 57, 77, 78, Draguta - 26, Drassburg - 3, 23, 25, 30, 57, 59, 60, 65, 70, 80, 81, Drassmarkt - 56, 85, 86, Drfelj - 51, Drumling - 27, Dubica - 32, Dubrovnik - 13, 23, 46, Dürnbach - Vincet - 27, 48, 49, 91, 93, 94, 95, Dunavec - 68 Eberau - 28, 43, 45, 46, 49, 91, 93, 94, 98, 99, Ebergoc - 56, Edessa - 10, Edlitz -, Hobdelci - 43, 45, 46, 91, Eggendorf - 24, Eisenberg an der Pinka - 27, Eisenburg - 32, 40, 42, 43, 45, 71, 72, 81, 83, 88, 95, 96, Eisenhüttl -, Jezerjani - 33, 43, 44, 46, 47, 91, Eisenstadt -, Selesno / Zelezno - 23, 25, 30, 33, 37, 41, 43, 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 63, 64, 68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 84, 99, Eisenzicken - 49, 50, Endred- Grossandra / Endrisce - 32, 55, Endrisce - 55, Erlau -98, Esseg - Osiek - 14, Esztergom - 66, 72, 93 Fertoszentmiklos - 55, Filez - 51, Fiume (Rijeka) -13, Forchtenau - 25, 60, Forchtenstein - 25, 30, 37, 57, 59, 60, 62, 64, 66, 69, 70, 75, 77, Frakanava - 52, Frankenau - 34, 36, 52, 88, Frauenkirchen - 68 Gacka - 29, 58, Galing - 68, Gamischdorf - 45, 94, Gattendorf - 24, 35, 66, 68, 74, Gereben - 45, Gerersdorf - 45, Geristof - 53, Gijeca - 67, 74, Girm - 56, Gissing - 56 Grz - 90, Gorjan - 19, 31, Gornji Catar - 48, Grafenschachen - 27, Gran - Esztergom - 30, 53, 61, 66, 72, 78, 80, 84, 86, 90, 103, Graz - 38, 43, 76, Gross-Andre - 32, 55, Grossbachselten - 27, Grosshöflein - Velika Holovajna - 30, 60, 62, 99, Gross Kulken - Nagy-Kolked - 43, 45, Grossmürbisch - Veliki Medves - 33, 43, 46, 47, 91, 94, Grossmutschen - 26, 34, 53, 81, 87, Grossnahring - 27, 48, Grosspetersdorf - Veliki Narda - 27, 50, Grosswarasdorf - Veliki Boristof - 26, 33, 37, 52, 72, 87, Grosszinkendorf - Nagy Cenk - 56, Gschies - 30, Gudovac - 19, Güns - Koszeg - 3, 19, 23, 28, 31, 32, 41, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 57, 58, 63, 66, 69, 72, 82, 83, 88,93, Günseldorf - 30, Güssing - 27, 32, 33, 36, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 56, 88, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, Güttenbach - 43, 45, 91, 94, Gusic - 35 Hackerberg 33, 47, Hagensdorf - 97, Halaszi - 68, Halberndorf - 24, Halbturm - 24, 68, Hannersdorf - Sampovari - 27, 49, 50, 93, 96, Harasztifalu - 43, 45, Harkau -66, Harmisch - Vardes - 43, 45, 46, 91, Hartberg - 57, Haschendorf - 60, Hasendorf - Vasnyulfalva - 43, 44, 45, 91, 93, Hegyko - 55, Heiligenkreuz - 42, 82, 96, Heiligenstein - Hegyko - 55, Heiss - Visija -56, Heugraben - Sirovnica - 33, 43, 44, 46, 47, 91, Hidegseg - Klein-Andre - 33, 54, Himod - 55, Hobdelci - 43, Hochstrass - 84, Hodis - 27, 93, Hovej - 56, Holling - 56, Homok - Amhagen - 33, 54, Horitschon - 53, 85, Hornstein - Voristan - 23, 30, 37, 41, 56, 63, 64, 69, 73, 77, 81, Horpacs - 56, Horvatfalu - 44, Horvatzsidany - Siegersdorf - 37, 54, 85, Hrastovica - 32, 44, 49, Hristavice - 43, Hrvatska Kemlja - 68, Hrvatske Sice - 43, Hrvatski Cikljin - 49, Hrvatski Hasas - 43, Hrvatski Jandrof - 24, 68, Hrvatsko Selo - 44, Humper - 49, Hunzberg - 40 Ilova - 20, Illmitz - 29, 30, 57, 68, Ivan - 56, 85, Ivanec - 37 Jajce - 23, 29, 35, Jarovce - 24, 68, Jaska - 19, Jerusalem - 10, Jeserjani - 43, Jois - 68 Kaiserdorf - 26, 53, 82, 85, 86, Kalistrof - 53, Kalkgruben - 54, Kalnok - Galing - 68, Kaptalanvis - Heiss - 56, Karako - 26, Karl - 52, Karlburg - Rusovce - 24, 68 Karlovac - 38, Karlstadt - 32, Karnburg - Glan - 13, Karst - 18, Katalena - 43, Katzendorf - 24, Kemeten - 27, Kevesd - 56, Kirin - 36, Kiscenk - Kleinzinkendorf - 55, Kittsee - Gijeca - 24, 30, 66, 67, 74, 99, Kitzladen - 27, 93, Kladus - 32, Klein-Andre - 32, 33, 34, Kleinbachselten - 27, Kleinhoflein - 31, 57, Kleinmutschen - Pervane - 26, 34, 53, 81, KleinMürbisch - Mali Medves - 43, 46, 91, Kleinnahring - Mala Narda - 48, Kleinpetersdorf - MaliPetrstof - 49, 50, Kleinwarasdorf - Mali Boristof - 37, 52, 54, 85, Kleinzicken - 49, 50, Kleinzinkendorf - 55, Klingenbach - 25, 31, 56, 57, 66, 72, 91, 99, Klis - 38, 90, Kljucarevac - 49, Kloster - 51, Klostermarienberg - Kloster - 25, 31, 52, 72, 84, 85, Klostr - 52, Knin - 20, 23, 29, 90, Kobersdorf - 41, 54, 69, 75, 81, 82, 87, Kormend - 46, 94, 95, Koszeg - 23, 31, 56, 57, Kovesd - Gissing - 56 Kohlnhof - 54, 55, 66, 99, Koljnof - 54, Kolom - 43, Konstantinopel - 11, 14, 16, 17, Kophaza - Holling - 54, Kopreinitz - Koprivnica - 19, 32, 45, 48, 49, 90 Koren - 20, Korenica - 23, Kosovo - Amselfeld - 14, Kostajnica - 19, 32, 45, 49, Kotezicken - 49, 50, Kotor - Cattaro - 13, Krbava - 19, 28, 29, 58, 90, Krenistof - 63, Krensdorf - Krenistof - 25, 30, 60, 63, Krizeci - 19, Krk-Veglia - 35, Krnskigrad - 13, Kroatisch Ehrensdorf - Hrvatski Hasas - 43, 45, 46, 91, Kroatisch Geresdorf - Geristof - 36, 37, 53, 67, 68, 82, 86, Kroatisch Jahrndorf - Hörvatski Jandrof - 24, 67, 68, 74, Kroatisch Kimling - Hrvatska Kemlja - 68, Kroatisch Minihof - Minichhof - 3, 33, 36, 37, 52, 54, 85, Kroatisch Nadalja - 43, 45, Kroatisch Reinersdorf - 43, 46, Kroatisch Schützen - 43, 45, Kroatisch Stegersbach - 45, 46, Kroatisch Tschantschendorf - Hrvatska Cenca - 43, 44, 91, 94, Krobotsdorf - 50, Krottendorf bei Güssing - Hörvatfalu - 43, 44, 46, 91, 94, Krstinja - 32, Kulm - 43, 45, 46, 91, 97 Lackenbach - Lakimpuh - 52, 53, 80, 86, Lackendorf - Lakindrof - 53, 80, 85, 86, Laibach - Ljubljana - 75, 95, Lajtica - 68, 74, Lakimpuh - 53, Lakindrof - 53, Landsee - 26, 30, 31, 37, 51, 52, 53, 56, 64, 65, 75, 78, 80, 81, 85, 86, Langeck - 84, Langental - Longintol - 26, 53, 54, Lapat - 20, Legrad - 42, Leiden - Lebeny - 68, Leithaprodersdorf - 31, 63, Lendorf - 24, Liebing - 56, 85, Lika - 14, 18, 19, 20, 28, 29, 37, 58, 90, Lindgraben - 54, 56, Lipovac - 43, Livir - 56, Ljubljana - 19, Lockenhaus - 26, 31, 32, 51, 53, 84, 85, Lovo - Livir - Schützen - Sopronlovo - 56, 84, Loipersbach - 66, Loipersdorf - 27, Longitolj - 53, Loretto - 63, Lovinac - 20, Lovrenac - 45, Losing - 56, Lutzmannsburg - 25, 52 Madrid - 39, Mala Cenka - 55, Mala Narda - 48, Mali Boristof - 52, Mali Medves - 43, Mali Petrstof - 49, Malistrof - 52, Mannersdorf - Malistrof - 52, 78, 85, Markthodis - Nove Hodas - 48, 50, Marof - 49, Marz - 25, 60, Mattersburg - 4, 25, 33, 42, 56, 59, 64, 65, 72, 75, 77, Medvedgrad - 49, 97, Melesdorf - 26, Melindof - 62, Meszlen - 83, Michldorf - 24, Miedlingsdorf - Milistrof - 27, 33, 37, 49, Milistrof - 49, Minichhof - 25, Mischendorf - 49, 50, Mitrovica - 12, 19, 21, Mitterpullendorf - 84, 85, 86, Mjenovo - 52, Modrus - 19, 38, Mönchhof - 24, 68, Mönchmeierhof - Baratok majorca - Marof - 33, 37, 40, 49, 50, Mürbisch - 66, Mohacs - 29, 35, 67, 73, Moslavina - 19, 32, 45, 49, Mucindorf - 53, Muhldorf - 24, Mullendorf - Melindhof - 30, 60, 62, Mürbisch - 43, Mutschen - 43 Nadalja - Nadrlostrof - 52, Nagybarat - 68, Nahring - 93, 96, 99, Narda - 93, 96, 99, Nebersdorf - Susevo - 3, 25, 26, 53, 81, Neckenmarkt - 56, 85, Neuberg - Nova Gora - 43, 45, 46, 91, 94, Neudorf bei Parndorf - Novo Selo - 28, 63, 78, 88, 96, Neuhaus - 49, 50,Neumarkt - 27, 40, 41, 49, 50, 91, Neusatz - Novisad - 39, 90, Neusiedl - 42, 45, 68, Neustift 45, Neutal - 53, 85, Nikitsch - Filez - 3, 31, 51, 54, 82, 85, 86, Niklo - 68, Nikomedien - 14, Nin - 11, 28, Nova Gora -43, Novi Hodas - 48, Novi Sad - 39, 90, Novo Selo - 66, 74 Oberloisdorf - Nadrlostrof - 52, 56,85, Oberpetersdorf - 54, Oberpullendorf - 32, 33, 35, 42, 47, 50, 51, 54, 64, 81, Oberrabnitz - 84, Oberschilding - GornjiCatar - 48, Oberwart - 2, 33, 34, 42, 48, 88, 90, 91, Obrovac - 29, Ödenburg - Sopron - 3, 25, 29, 31, 32, 42, 51, 54, 55, 56, 63, 65, 66, 73, 77, 79, 80, 81, 84, 86, 88, 98, 99, 100, Otteveny - 68, Oggau - 31, 78, Olahcikleny - 89, Olah-Cziklin - 49, Olbendorf - 45, 93, 95, Ollersdorf - 45, Olmod -54, 85, Orbuh - 65, Orljavac - 20, Osiek - 14, Oslip - Uzlop - 23, 25, 29, 30, 37, 57, 58, 65, 69, 72, 73, Ostrovica - 23, 29, 90, Otava - 59, Otocac - 38, 39 Pajngrt - 65, Palesdorf - 68, Pama - 24, 53, 66, 67, 74, 75, Pamhagen - 60, Pandrof - 66, 74, Papa - 93, Parapatitsch - Perepatic Berg - 37, Parndorf - Pandrof - 24, 35, 36, 66, 67, 68, 74, 82, Pellendorf - 24, Perepatic Berg - 40, Pereszteg - Perestagen - 84, Peresznye - 54, 85, Pervane - 53, Petohaza - 55, Petrinje - 44, Petronell - 24, 30, 57, Petrovo Selo - 43, 44, Pilgersdorf - 84, Pinnye - 56, Pinkafeld - 91, 93, Pinkovac - 43, Pinquentinus - 75, Piringsdorf - 84, Plajgor - 52, 54, Podersdorf - 24, 68, 72, 82, Podgoria - Bosnjak-Brig - 33, 37, 40, 49, 50, Podgorje - 49, Podler - Poljanci - 33, 37, 40, 41, 49, 50, 89, 93, Podrlostrof - 52, Poljanci - 49, Poppendorf - 42, Poschendorf - Bozok - 50, Pottelsdorf - 63, Pottsching - 25, 60, Potzneusiedl - Lajtica - 24, 66, 68, 74, Pozega - 22, 38, Prag - 77, Prascevo - 43, Pressburg - 24, 31, 66, 68, 71, 81, 92, Prinzendorf - 26, Prisika - 52,54, Prössing - Peresznye - 52, 54, 82, 85, Prostrum - Petrovo Selo - 43, 45, Prozor - 39, Pullendorf - 30, 31, 32, Punic -43, Punitz - Punic - 43, 45, 46, 91, 94, Purbach - 25, 29, 30, 57, Purtzelsdorf - Zaka - 25 Raab - Gyor - 4, 41, 42, 54, 59, 63, 66, 68, 72, 77, 81, 95, 99, Raabfidisch - 42, Rabacsanak - 68, Raca - 32, 45, 49, Radensdorf - 24, Ragendorf (Rajka) - 68, Ragusa - 13, 23, 46, Raiding - 56, 80, 85, 86, Rajka - 68, Rakonok - 49, Rakovec - 97, Rasporak - 61, Rattersdorf - 56, 85, Rauch-Rigli - 46, Rauchwart - 45, 94, Rauhriegel - 33, 37, 49, 50, Rauser - 68, 74, Rechnitz (Rokunac) - 26, 28, 32, 33, 37, 40, 41, 46, 48, 49, 50, 88, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 101, Regensburg - 75, 76, 95, Rehgraben (Prascevo) - 43, 44, 46, 91, Reinersdorf (Zamar) - 33, 43, 46, 47, 91, Rijeka - 14, Rittern - 24, Ritzing - 56, 85, Roggendorf - 56, Rohrbach (Orbuh) - 30, 31, 64, 65,Rohunac - 48, Rom e- 7, 11, 15, 17, 39, 98, 101, Rosgrunt - 25, Rosvar - 24, 68, Rotenturm - 28, 32, 37, 40, 41, 46, 48, 49, 88, 90, 97, 98, 101, Rovisce - 32, Rumpersdorf (Rumpisce) - 33, 37, 40, 49, Runersdorf - 94, Rupisce - 49, Rusovce - 24, Rust - 42, 82 Sabara - 48, Saledrevo - 43, Salmannsdorf - 84, Saloniki - 6, 14, Samlatscha - Zamlaca - 45, Samobor - 19, Sampovar - 49, Santalek - 43, Sarndorf - Cunovo/Dunavec - 24, 68, Sarvar - 46, 54, 55, 73, 81, 84, 96, Schachendorf - Cajta - 26, 48, 49, 91, 93, 95, Schallendorf - Saledrevo - 44, 46, 91, 94, Schandorf - Cemba - 26, 48, 49, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, Scharndorf - 24, 30, 58, Schattendorf - 31, 60, Schilding - Csatar - 27, Schlaining - 26, 28, 37, 40, 41, 46, 48, 49, 50, 88, 90, 92, 93, 96, 101, Schönau - 3, 30, 58, 79, Schültern - 55, Schützen (Cesno) - 54, 56, 94, Schützen am Gebirge - 57, 58, 59, Schwabenhof - 56, Sebenico - 19, Seibersdorf - 63, Selesno - 57, Senj - 19, 29, 35, 38, 58, 90, Seoci - 19, Seskut - 43, Sibenik - 19, Sichelburg (Zumberak) - 39, 40, 89, 90, 91, Siegendorf (Cindrof) - 3, 23, 29, 30,31, 37, 40, 64, 65, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 85, 86, Siegersdorf (Horvatzsidany) - 37, 52, 54, 85, Sieggraben - 60, Sigless (Ciklez) - 25, 30, 35, 57, 60, 70, Sirmium - 12, Sirokani - 49, Sirokanyhaza - 46, Sirovnica - 44, Sissek (Sisak/Siscia) - 19, 45, Sopron - 25, 32, 54, 86, Sopronlovo - 54, 94, Sopronszecsen - 55, Spalato - 7, 13, 38, 90, Spanfurt (Ambus) - 25, 26, Speyer - 81, Spitzzicken (Hrvatski Cikljin/Olahcikleny/Olah Cziklin/Walachischzicken) - 37, 40, 49, 88, 89, Split - 7, 13, 19, 38, 90, Srba - 20, St. Andrä 68, Stari Hodas - 48, Stari Solon - 49, Stefanshof (Humper /Hunzperg) - 49, 50, Stegersbach (Santalek) - 33, 43, 44, 45, 46, 90, 93, 94, 95, Steinamanger (Szombathely) - 67, 74, 77, 81, 82, 86, 87, 92, Steinbach - 53, 84, Steinberg - 56, 84, 85, Steingraben - 43, 44, 46, 91, St. Georgen - 57, 67, St. Gotthard - 42, Stijena - 44, Stikapron - 64, Stinatz (Stinjaki) - 33, 43, 44, 46, 47, 91, St. Johann bei Raab (Sveti Ivan) - 68, St. Kathrein (Katalena) - 43, 45, 46, 91, St. Margarethen - 25, 31, St. Martin in der Wart - 37, 49, 50, St. Martin (Sveti Martin) - 53, 57, 85, 86, 87, St. Michael (Sveti Mihalj) - 43, 45, 46, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96,99, St. Nikolaus (Sveti Mikula) - 2, 47, 92, 94, 95, Stöttera- 25, 30, Strebersdorf - 52, 56, 85, Suttor - 55, Sulz (Seskut) - 35, 43, 44, 45, 47, 91, Susevo - 53, Svetica - 53, Sveti Ivan - 68, Sveti Martin - 53, Sveti Mihalj - 43, Sveti Mikula - 43, Szent Miklos - 68, Szeplak - 55, 56, Szerdahely - 50, Szigetim den Wart - 50, 54, Szigetvar - 92 Tadten - 68, Tanais - 8, Tatzmannsdorf - 37, Teesdorf - 30, 58, Temerje - 52, 54, Temeton - 52, Tisina - 93, 95, Tobaj - 45, Tomord (Temeton/Temerje) - 54, Topusko - 29, Tornischtscha - 45, Trajstof - 59, 62, Trau - Trogir - 13, Trausdorf (Trajstof) - 23, 25, 29, 30, 35, 37, 40, 52, 53, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 65, Trient - 98, Trogir - 13, Trumau - 30, 79, Tschakaturn - 97, Tschurndorf - 54, Tudersdorf (Tudorica) - 43, 44, 46, 91, Tudorica - 43 Tubingen - 63, 80, Turopolje - 19 Udbina - 29, Ugarska Kemlja - 68, Ujker - 56, Ujszek - 49, 88, Und - 54, Unda - 54, Undten - 54, Ungarisch-Altenburg - 24, 25, 65, 82, Ungarisch-Kimling (Ugarska Kemjla) - 68, Ungarisch-Kukmirn - 45, Unterfrauenhaid (Svetica) - 53, 72, 80, 85, 86, Unterloisdorf (Podrlostrof) - 52, 85, Unterpodgoria - 49, Unterpullendorf (Doljna Pulja) - 3, 31, 34, 51, 53, 70, 77, 85, 87, 99, 100, Unterschilding (Dolnji Catar) - 48, Urach - 75, 76, Uzlop - 58 Vardes - 43, Varna - 14, Vasnyulfalva - 45, Vedesin - 54, Velemba - 50, Velika Holovajna - 62, Velika Kraljeva - 19, Velika Narda - 48, Velike - 55, 32, 51, Veliki Boristof - 52, Veliki Kuked - 43, Veliki Medves - 43, Venedig - 38, Vep (Weppendorf) - 45, 49, 97, Veroze - 19, Vincet - 48, Vinica - 93, Virovitica (Veroze) - 19, Visija - 56, Vitnyed - 56, Vlasic - 39, Vogeldorf- 24, Voristan - 64, Vulkaprodrstof - 59, 64 Walachischzicken - 88, 89, Wallern - 60, 68, Wandorf - 64, 66, Warasdin - 38, 46, 90, Weiden - 41, 72, 82, Weiden bei Rechnitz (Bandol) - 33, 37, 40, 49, 50, Weingraben (Bajngrob) - 26, 37, 53, 85, 86, Welem (Velemba) - 50, Welgersdorf - 27, Weppendorf - 45, 97, Wichs - 50, 56, 96, Wien (Vienna) 23, 30, 31, 32, 41, 43, 57, 63, 67, 76, 77, 81, 84, 89, 90, 91, 92 ,Wieselburg - 42, 68, 71, 72, Wiesen - 60, Wimpassing - 63, 77, Winden - 68, 72, 82, Wittenberg - 81, Wolfau - 27, Wolfs - 66, Woppendorf - 27, Worms - 72, Wiener Neustadt - 57, 76, Wulkaprodersdorf (Vulkanrodrstof) - 23, 30, 37, 40, 56, 57, 59, 63, 64, 69 Zablje Selo - 43, Zachenbach - 26, 50, Zadar - 13, 19, Zagersdorf (Cogrstof) - 25, 30, 57, 58, Zagorje - 19, Zagreb - 10, 14, 19, 34, 38, 41, 49, 54, 58, 72, 90,97, Zaicfalva - 45, Zajcje Selo - 43, Zaka - 25, Zamar -43, Zamlaca - 45, Zanegg - 68, Zara - 13, 14, Zarnovca - 43, Zechun - 24, Zelezno - 57, Zemendorf - 25, 60, Zengg - 14, 19, 29, 35, 38, 39, 40, 44, 58, 89, 90, 91, Zidan - 52, 54, Zillingtal - Celindof - 25, 30, 51, 60, 61, 70, Zitzmanndorf - 24, Zrin - 32, 36, 52, Zrnovnica - 44, Zsitvatorok - 90, Zuberbach (Sabara) - 27, 48, 49, 91, Zumberak - 39, 40, 89, 90. End of Translation of "Volk an der Grenze" which began in newsletter no. 55A, dtd 30 April 1999. MIKE SPAHITZ MOVES TO CALIFORNIA Mike Spahitz, charter BB member, who prepared all of the nice graphics work for our homepage has recently moved his home and his business to California. We wish him well in his new location. Mike sends the following: Please note that we have relocated. Our new contact information is as follows: MJS Creations, 2927 Comstock Street San Diego, California 92111, 858-874-3611 (PST). If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me at our new location. Sincerely, Michael Spahitz, president AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN VETERAN'S SOCIETY (ALLENTOWN, PA) Correspondent Bob Strauch writes to tell us that the 21st Annual Austrian Flag Raising will take place Sunday, October 24th at the A-H Vets Society, 852 N. 4th Street, Allentown. The ceremony will take place at 12 noon followed by a reception with a goulasch lunch, pastries and folk music. The public is invited. The affair is sponsored by the A-H Vets Soc. and the Burgenländische Gemeinschaft. This ceremony is the Lehigh Valley's original Austro-Hungarian flag raising which is being duplicated by other ethnic clubs in the region. A nice ethnic touch which also provides the opportunity for some ethnic socializing. The Raabtaler Heimattreffen (Raab Valley Reunion) for Oct. 16, being held in the same place is completely sold out. Bob, in addition to his club work, is also a member of the folk music societies of Burgenland, Styria and Lower Austria. He is active in Lehigh Valley ethnic musical circles and has long been interested in the history and culture of the Burgenland. This newsletter continues as no. 66B. THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 66B DEDICATED TO AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN BURGENLAND FAMILY HISTORY (issued biweekly by Gerald Berghold) October 15, 1999 This third section of the 3-section newsletter contains: - a report of the Visit of Fr. Prizelitz and Heinz Koller, - a Visit to Southern Burgenland, - House Numbers & Tax Records, - Unger Names From Güssing, and - URL and Member Changes VISIT OF FR. PRIZELITZ & HEINZ KOLLER (Frank Teklits, Frieda Eberhardt & Bob Strauch) As reported previously in BB News No. 65B, Fr. Leopold from Güssing celebrated the 60th anniversary of his ordination by visiting the Burgenland "auswanderers" and their descendants in America. He was accompanied by Heinz Koller, who arranged the trip. They returned to Austria on October 11th. Frank Teklits and his wife and Frieda Eberhardt and her husband are BB members who attended the Allentown welcoming functions. Heinz Koller (also a BB member) is well known to readers of this newsletter. Bob Strauch (from Allentown, PA) frequently contributes material via surface mail and is a prime mover in Lehigh Valley Burgenland activities. Fr. Leopold and Heinz also met with Burgenländers in New York and northern New Jersey. Frank writes: The visit of Fr. Prizelitz and Heinz Koller described in the paragraphs below have been coordinated with Frieda and Bob, and represent our collective input of their 2-day stay in the Lehigh Valley. Shortly after arriving on October 8, Fr. Leopold & Heinz Koller were taken to Bethlehem, PA, for a tour of the historical district by Bob Strauch, who coordinated their short stay in the Lehigh Valley. They enjoyed the floral atmosphere, the old Moravian Church and, after engaging in a conversation with a clerk inside a gift shop, the clerk gave (and carefully wrapped) a lovely ornament to the Father. Father Leopold enjoyed the guided tour of the Franciscan Abbey in Bethlehem, along with the conversation with his fellow Franciscans. On the way to the Sängerbund, Fr. Leopold also asked to be taken to a local Burgenland cemetery. Here he saw evidence of the customs adopted by our ancestors from Burgenland, such as well-groomed burial plots adorned with flowers, tombstones with photographs of the deceased, and engravings. He recognized and commented on the many family names familiar to him in his native Burgenland. Visits to the Coplay Sängerbund, and the Stammtisch Edelweiß were delightful, casual gatherings, and everyone thoroughly enjoyed themselves. There were 17 to 19 individuals waiting for the arrival of the travelers, who were just outstanding in being friendly and out-going. The gathering gave the outward appearance of a family get-together, as everyone chatted with the guests in their "best German", along an elongated table. The ladies baked some very fine Burgenland "goodies" for the guests. These included poppy-seed strudel (moist, tasty, outstanding), two very good Burgenland cookies, "German Spritz Pretzels", and horseshoe shaped cookies called "Vanilla Kipfels" and some excellent cream puffs. The cookies were sprinkled with powdered sugar, which "doused" the front of the good Father's brown Franciscan robe. One of the ladies noticed and did quick "repair job". Prior to leaving for the usual Friday night "button box" get-together at the Edelweiß, the group sang two songs in German, and Fr. Leopold sang along with them, while Heinz was busy snapping a pictures of the assembly. The goodies accompanied the group to the Edelweiß Haus, where they were enjoyed along with musical entertainment. Three button-box-accordion players entertained and, during their break, Bob Strauch played the accordion and sang with the group. There was an abundance of Gemutlichkeit as we listened and danced. Father Leopold had a good time, making many favorable comments and applauding each number. Heinz Koller, an excellent dancer, will be remembered as he danced with every lady in the group at the table. Bob commented that Heinz twirled the ladies so often that he thought they would strike oil. At the Edelweiß, the guests also met the Huber family, whose son has a band known as "The Happy Austrians." Special thanks were in order for Neil & Helen Rothrock, who provided overnight accommodations for the guests and transportation on Saturday. Saturday was a busy day for the guests prior to their early afternoon journey back to NYC. The day began with the guests being taken to the St. Francis Church in Allentown where Fr. Leopold celebrated Mass. The priests at St. Francis are also members of the Franciscan Order, and Fr. Leopold enjoyed being among them. Hearing of the death of an individual in an adjacent town whose relatives in Burgenland are known to Heinz Koller, Fr. Leopold asked them to take him to the viewing. Arriving early at the funeral home, simultaneously with the family, he gave a beautiful homily before the casket in the Hianzisch dialect, which the family knew. To the deceased's family, Fr. Leopold's visit to the USA was not an accident, but as the good father himself said, "he came to America for a reason." The visit of Fr. Leopold will long remain with the family as an extraordinary occurence. The guests were taken to the City Vu Diner, which provides an excellent view of the city of Allentown, for a pre-arranged meeting and a late breakfast with Walt Groller. Walt is a well-known Valley musician whose band is known for playing polkas, waltzes, and other ethnic music. Walt had just returned from a 3-week vacation in Burgenland, including Güssing, where Heinz Koller, acting on the behalf of the Burgenland Gemeinschaft, greeted Walt and his group with a tour of the Castle. Following the late breakfast meeting and a busy morning, it was time to say goodbye and escort the guests to the bus station for their return to NYC. Bob Strauch did an excellent job arranging things on such short notice and deserves much praise. His knowledge of German and familiarity with Burgenland, where he taught English for two years, was an asset for the occasion. His mother, father and aunt joined the group at the Edelweiß. The BB was well represented at Fr. Leopold and Heinz Koller's visit, as Frieda and Dennis Eberhardt were there along with me and my wife. Our thanks to everyone for their efforts, baking the goodies and the memories of two enjoyable days. VISIT TO SOUTHERN BURGENLAND (KLEINMÜRBISCH) - from David Pendel Gerry, I wanted to thank you for the directions that you gave me from Slovenia. They were PERFECT! It was the trip of a lifetime. I was not able to find out much of anything about my grandmother in Heiligenkreuz. There were Gigler's that were also related to my grandmother from this area. I met with a few of them but, because of the years that had passed, they didn't know much of anything. The real surprise came when we went to my grandfathers town of Kleinmurbisch. I met a young lady there who spoke English. In fact, she is an English teacher in Vienna. She spends her summers at home. She took me to her home where I met her grandmother. I showed her grandmother my grandfather's birth certificate (the same one I sent to you) and to my surprise... her great uncle was my grandfather's godfather! We both started crying. What a small world. And even better than that, they took me to see the house that my grandfather was born in. It is still there from 1903. What a treat. I was also told that, during this summer, the castle in Güssing had a performance that told the story about all the people that left Austria for America at the turn of the century. (Ed. - see book "nach Amerika", perhaps still available from the Burgenländische Gemeinschaft) HOUSE NUMBERS AND TAX RECORDS - Bob Unger & Anna Kresh (Ed. Note: some of the following questions concerning interpretation of census records were included in an article "Hungarian Census Explained" in newsletter no. 62B, dtd. 15 Aug. 1999) Anna writes: Your (Bob Unger) article on the Hungarian Tax Records in the BB News #60 may be the answer to my prayers, but I have a question that you may be able to answer for me. RESPONSE: Thank you for your kind words - I'm just trying to help BB members as best I can. I am currently working on a draft article about the 1828 Hungarian census. Prior BB newsletters mentioned that Martha M. Connor of Las Vegas is the expert concerning that 1828 census. I have been corresponding with her via surface mail, and currently awaiting her approval to use some of her information or research results in that draft article for the BB newsletter. RESPONSE: Anna, I to have been puzzled about house numbers. I have many photo copies of records and 1844 is the first year where the records includes a house number. I subsequently learned that those were old house numbers, in all probability, were assigned in sequence as each new house was built. Years later the houses were renumbered, using a numbering sequence according to the house location on a specific street, much like that currently done here in the USA. During recent visits to Rudersdorf, Austria, the village of my ancestors, I found that many old houses display both the old and the new house number. In my pending article about the 1828 Hungarian census, I plan to comment about the lack of house numbers. It is interesting to note that, in the left-hand edge of the 1839 Hungarian tax records, each entry was numbered in sequence, starting with 1 and, in the case of Rudersdorf, continued to entry 152. I compared those entry numbers with those found on the 1828 Hungarian Census records and found the same reference numbers. There were 7 Ungers listed in the 1828 census and 9 listed in the 1839 tax record. However, most of the numbers matched, i.e., entry #29 was for Janos Unger in the 1828 Census, and entry #29 was also for Janos Unger in the 1839 tax record. Thus it appears that each family was assigned a specific reference. Possibly they used that referencing system, then later starting using house numbers, in 1844, where I first found them in church records. RESPONSE: During my visit to Burgenland in 1997 I was fortunate to receive some birth records from the Catholic Church in Güssing. The Priest was most helpful and provided me with photo copies of the index, plus the specific record that I was seeking. At the end of the email message is a copy of the index which shows the birthchild's name and the names of the parents. Thus indexes of this type help in the documentation of family groups. The index I received listed the parents' names making it easy to group families. During that '97 visit, Gerry asked me to try to find someone in Güssing willing to help, for a fee, individuals seeking copies of Güssing church records. Thus I stopped at the office of the Burgenländische Gemeinschaft in Güssing and talked with its secretary, Renate Dolmanits. Fortunately she speaks English. She said that, since the church is only a very short distance away from her office, she would be glad to help on a limited basis as her busy office schedule permitted. Therefore you may wish to send Renate an email message and ask her help in getting an index or specific records from the church there in Güssing. If I recall correctly, Gerry asked Renate for help after I talked with her in '97. (Ed. with excellent results). If you wish, you can tell her that you are one of the BB staff members, and also can mention that I visited with her in 1997 and talked with her about helping obtain church records. II. Hz - Ad = dwelling tax; Hzainak = (his/her) houses; 1.-s, 2.-ik, 3.-ik, 4.-ik = 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th; Osztlban = class/category; Száma = number; Does this Száma mean the house number? If it does it may give me a way to find my great-grandfather (hopefully at Nr. 36 Rehgraben) and thus identify my grandfather's birth record. RESPONSE: It is my understanding that Száma = number refers to a quantity. Most all the entries in the Rudersdorf record has the quantity "1" written in the column under 3-ik. This could possibly mean a house with three rooms. Gerry thought it may mean that the property had three structures. But while in Rudersdorf I had the opportunity to thoroughly examine several of the old houses and found that they had a rectangular type of construction, i.e. a front and back gate on two sides, with adjoining living space and barns, storage building, etc. built one next to another. Thus I found no separate buildings, they were always connected. Specifically the record entry "Nr. 36 Rehgragen" in all probability means house number 36 in that village. During my visit to Rudersdorf in '97 I stopped at the village office is search for records about house numbers 58, and 177. They were able to provide me with photo copies of documentation on each house, listing all its owners. In fact, that was the key bit of information that ultimately led me to finding my relatives now living in Rudersdorf - the current owner of #177 helped me to find my relatives. Joe Jarfas apparently has much more experience with the Hungarian language and possible could give you his version of the meaning of Sázma and other notations in the Hungarian tax records. UNGER BIRTH INDEX FROM GÜSSING CHURCH RECORDS (From Bob Unger) The following is a copy of the Unger birth index I received from the Catholic Church in Güssing in 1997. Jahr pag Nr Surname Taufname Vater Mutter 1853 9 63 Unger Maria Theresia Unger 1855 16 3 Unger Caspar Franz Rosalia Kedl 1856 23 32 Unger Johanna Theresia Unger 1857 27 43 Unger Josef Georg Karia Tantsits 1857 28 81 Unger Johann Ignaz Karia Monschein 1859 34 97 Unger Ignaz Franz Rossalia Kedl 1859 39 97 Unger Maria Ignaz Maria Mondschein 1866 71 20 Unger Michael Maria Unger 1868 86 72 Unger Michael Ignaz Maria Monschein 1869 89 11 Unger Johanna Agatha Josef Emilie Schatz 1871 103 12 Unger Brigitte Josef Emilie Schatz 1871 105 70 Unger Franz Rosalia Strancz Band VII 1872 8 102 Unger Hedwig Michael Maria Pfeifer 1873 17 93 Unger Franz Josef Emilie Schatz 1874 19 5 Unger Krispin Josef Theresia Deutsc 1874 21 25 Unger Johanna Michael Maria Pfeifer 1875 29 3 Unger Karoline Johann Maria Reipeier 1875 31 35 Unger Johanna Franz Leopoldine Scha 1876 39 20 Unger Josefa Johann Maria Boischits 1876 40 33 Unger Hedwig Josef Emilie Schztz 1876 47 133 Unger Johann Josef Theresia Deutsc. 1877 48 1 Unger Bernhard Michael Maria Pfeifer 1877 51 41 Unger Eduard Kreszenz Maria Leininger 1877 54 83 Unger Rudolf Elisabeth Unger 1877 55 93 Unger Ignaz Ignaz Maria Tapler 1877 55 94 Unger Theresia Franz Rosalia Stranzl 1877 55 96 Unger Genoveva Franz Leopoldine Schai 1877 56 114 Unger Stefan Josef Anna Boischits 1878 62 59 Unger Maria Cajetan Kathar. Zotter 1878 63 79 Unger Johann Johann Maria Voisits 1879 67 16 Unger Michael Elisab. Unger 1879 68 38 Unger Magdalena Josef Elisab. Pany 1879 75 144 Unger Laura Johanna Unger 1880 76 9 Unger Josefa Michael Maria Pfeifer 1880 77 18 Unger Karoline Kreszenz Maria Laiminger 1880 79 50 Unger Ignaz Josef Emilie Schatz 1880 80 61 Unger Theresia Josef Elisab. Pani 1880 81 76 Unger Ignaz Johann Maria Bojsits 1880 81 80 Unger Ignaz Ignaz Anna Bojsits 1880 83 93 Unger Franz Josef Theres. Deutsch 1880 86 125 Unger Franz Franz Rosalia Stranzl 1880 86 131 Unger Franz Johann Theresia Kedl 1881 95 79 Unger Hedwig Cajetan Kathar. Zotter 1881 96 88 Unger Franz Josef Elisabeth Pani 1881 96 93 Unger Eduard Johann Maria Eoischits 1881 99 116 Unger Alois Johann Maria Windisch 1882 105 34 Unger Theresia Josef Emilia Schatz 1883 114 6 Unger Michael Michael Maria Pfeifer 1883 115 16 Unger Maria Johann Theresia Kedl 1883 118 58 Unger Johanna Johanna Unger 1883 121 88 Unger Ignaz Johann Maria Boischits 1883 122 95 Unger Theresia Josef Elisabeth Pani 1883 126 143 Unger Maria Josef Theresia Deutsch 1884 128 3 Unger Johanna Johann Theresia Kedl 1884 131 33 Unger Kreszenz Kreszenz Maria Laminger 1884 135 76 Unger Franz Johanna Unger 1884 139 117 Unger Thomas Michael Anna Kurcz BURGENLAND BUNCH INTERNET LINKS - ADDITIONS, REVISIONS 10/15/99 (from Internet/URL Editor Anna Tanczos Kresh) AUSTRIAN, AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN INTERNET LINKS o German Text to Speech Synthesis http://www.bell-labs.com/project/tts/german.html - Type in some German text and hear the synthesized speech version o Old German Professions, Occupations, Illnesses http://www.worldroots.com/brigitte/occupat.htm - Hundreds of translations CROATIAN INTERNET LINKS o Croatian Research at the FHL http://www.feefhs.org/frl/cro/edlund1.html - document on the cataloging of all Croatian microforms and books at the LDS Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah (Lea Buzby) o Croatian Genealogy http://www.durham.net/facts/crogen/ - How to do Croatian Genealogy; Searching Croatia, Frequently Asked Questions, Newsletters (check "New Church Records Microfilmed by FHL - To be available This Year") (Lea Buzby) GENEALOGY RESEARCH LINKS (U.S) o Catholic Internet Directory http://www.catholic-church.org/cid/ - Wide range of U.S. and International Catholic links o Diocese Net http://www.catholic.net/RCC/Diocese/index3.html - Links to each U.S. Catholic Diocese on the Internet GENEALOGY RESEARCH LINKS (OTHER) o Catholic Church History and Research Guide http://home.att.net/~Local_Catholic/ - Local Catholic Church History and Genealogy Research Guide; guides to the types of records that may be found and to the locations of records o Catholic Church in Europe http://communio.hcbc.hu/ o Catholic Internet Directory http://www.catholic-church.org/cid/ - Wide range of U.S. and International Catholic links o Cousins & Cousinhood http://homepage.interaccess.com/~arduinif/tools/cousins.htm - good explanation of relationship charts and the meaning of "twice removed", etc. o Names and Meanings http://geschke.net/vornamen/ - A dictionary of given names, their sources, and meanings; in German (Web Page Translators work well here) HUNGARIAN INTERNET LINKS o Arpad http://www.arpad.com - deals with cultural, historical, etc. issues; Arpad was the leader of the Magyar tribes who brought them from the steppes of Russia into the region known as Hungary today; the Europeans thought the Magyars were every bit as bad as the Huns, hence the name "Hungary".(link was broken, is now restored) LANGUAGE AIDS - TRANSLATORS, DICTIONARIES, etc. o Web Page Translators - multi-language translators of entire web pages - AltaVista http://babelfish.altavista.digital.com - GO http://translator.go.com/ - InterTran http://www.tranexp.com/InterTran.cgi SEARCH ENGINES o Intersearch Österreich - http://austria.intersearch.net/ (link was broken, is now restored) MEMBER CHANGES CANCEL Deanne Hanzl Malloy CHANGE Karen Hoel; La Crosse, WI. HANIFL, SHAW, GRUBER, SCHAUB, LEEB. Oggau (bezirk Eisenstadt). Settled in Wisconsin. New names and address change. Robert Geshel; address changed. NEW Ken Baer; St. Louis, MO. OSWALD, Kohfidisch. Settled in St. Louis, MO. SZAMMER, Gussing. Settled in St. Louis, MO. UNGER, Deutsch Schutzen. Settled in St. Louis, MO. RABOLD (RABOLT), Kirchfidisch. Settled in St. Louis, MO. Leslie Ellingsworth. Pleasant Hill, Oregon. SAUTNER, HOFMANN, KRENN, Monchhof. Three sisters settled in Portland, Oregon, one, Theresia, my gmother. Barbara Guttman, Chicago IL. GUTTMAN, Franz Josef, b 1894-Burg d 1937-Chicago, parents: GUTTMAN, Franz Josef/WACHHOLDER, Juliana; married JALLITZ, Mary b 1895-Austria d 1957-Chicago; parents: JALLITSCH, Stephen/unknown. Don Kovasckitz; Sanford, NC. KOVASCHITZ, KOVACSICH, RADITSCH from Bezenye, Hungary (German-Pallendorf).Settled in Seneca Co, Ohio. Matthew Kurtz; NY, NY; Born in Szentpeterfa, Hungary.Parents Frank KURTZ and Theresa NEMET (NEMETH) came to this country 1907from Szentpeterfa Hungary. Settled in Northampton, PA. (mail returned) Frank Marakovits; Northampton,PA. MARAKOVITS from Punitz, KEGLOVITS from Kroatisch Tschantschendorf, STOLSITS from Szent Peterfa, SCHNEIDER from Eberau. All settled in Northampton,Pa. Relatives online in Burgenland. Delores (Dee) Schuh Schjerven; Mt. Prospect, IL. SCHUH, MUSSER, SCHADEN, STEGER. Riedlingsdorf, the MUSSER family originated in Allhau. My parents immigrated to the U.S. and settled in the Chicago area. Kellie Steiner; Springfield, Oregon:STEINER, SOMMER, TAPLER, BAUER, POLZER, KEDL, SCHAFFER.Tobaj, Heiligenbrunn, KirchfIdisch. End of Newsletter STAFF Co-ordinator & Editor Newsletter (Gerald J. Berghold; Winchester, VA) Burgenland Editor (Albert Schuch; Vienna & Kleinpetersdorf, Austria) Home Page Editor (Hap Anderson) Internet/URL Editor (Anna Tanczos Kresh; Butler, PA) Contributing Editors: Austro/Hungarian Research (Fritz Königshofer) Burgenland Lake Corner Research (Dale Knebel) Chicago Burgenland Enclave (Tom Glatz) Croatian Burgenland (Frank Teklits) Home Page village lists (Bill Rudy) Judaic Burgenland (Maureen Tighe-Brown) Western Hungary-Bakony Region (Ernest Chrisbacher) Western US BB Members-Research (Bob Unger) Courtesy Links to member web sites and the "Oberwart Zeitung" (OZ), Oberwart, Austria and the "Burgenländische Gemeinschaft" News, Güssing, Austria. BB ARCHIVES(can be reached from Home Page hyperlinks) BURGENLAND HOME PAGE http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org Burgenland Bunch Newsletter distributed courtesy of (c) 1999 RootsWeb.com, Inc. http://www.rootsweb.com/ P.O. Box 6798, Frazier Park, CA 93222-6798