BB News No. 137 dtd 28 Feb 2005

THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 137 DEDICATED TO AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN BURGENLAND FAMILY HISTORY (Our 10th Year - Issued monthly as email by G. J. Berghold) February 28, 2005 (c) 2005 G. J. Berghold - all rights reserved * OUR HOMEPAGE URL ADDRESS HAS CHANGED! PLEASE SAVE THE NEW ADDRESS, WHICH IS: http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org. ** OUR NEWSLETTER HAS BEEN REDUCED TO TWO SECTIONS MINUS THE STAFF LISTING. *** REFER TO OUR NEWSLETTER ARCHIVES FOR PREVIOUSLY COVERED SUBJECTS. **** Current Status Of The BB: Members-1194 *Surnames Listed-4274 *Query Board Entries-3067 *Newsletters Archived-137 *Number of Staff Members-17 RECIPIENTS PLEASE READ: You are receiving this email newsletter because you are a BB member or have asked to be added to our distribution list. To unsubscribe, send email with message "remove". ("Cancel" will cancel membership, website listings and newsletter.) Send address and listing changes to the same place. Sign email with your full name and include BB in the subject line. Send no attachments or graphics. To join the BB, see our homepage. If you join, your email address will be available from our websites. We are not responsible for Spam or Virus that may result. You can opt for your address to be unlisted but members will not be able to contact you. We can't help with non-Burgenland family history. Email comments are appreciated, but may be published unless we are requested not to do so. Articles without a by-line are written by the editor and reflect his views. If you join, please exchange data in a courteous and cooperative manner. This first section of our 2-section newsletter concerns: 1. Hungarian Given Names 2. Taste Of The Burgenland - Fastnachts 3. Paprika Follow-Up, NJ Hungarian Butcher Shop 4. Does LDS Have A New Method Of Copying Records? 5. Early Burgenland (Heiligenkreuz) Records - Another Episode 1. HUNGARIAN GIVEN NAMES (suggested by email from Bob Strauch) Given names are a most important element in our search for family records. When they change due to spelling or language translations, they can cause a lot of confusion. In a multi-ethnic region like the Burgenland, priests, pastors and civil administrators could well have used names based on their family language. A German-speaking priest would use German given names, an Hungarian one Latin or Hungarian, a Croat would use Slavic. My maternal German-speaking grandfather was called Louis after coming to the US. His contemporary ethnic friends called him by his German name, Alois. (I called him Pop!) His Güssing church record however shows he was baptized using the Hungarian equivalent Aloysius. My father Julius was baptized Gyula, the Hungarian equivalent. Johann (John) was a favorite Berghold given name and I have dozens of church records that also read Joannes, Joanne, Johannes and Hans. Early in my research I learned it was necessary to build equivalent name lists. German names are not too difficult as they are fairly close to their English equivalents. I have not addressed Croat names because I have very few. Hungarian names can be the most difficult, particularly those which have no real English equivalent like Bela, Csilla, Farkas, Janka or Reka. Written in German script they can be impossible unless you are aware of them. A good source for given names is the book (mentioned in previous newsletters) "Following the Paper Trail - A Multilingual Translation Guide," published in 1991 by Language & Lineage Press of New Milford, CT. While out of print, copies are available from a firm called Avotaynu: http://www.avotaynu.com/books3.htm#fpt * Following the Paper Trail: by Jonathan D. Shea and William F. Hoffman. A guide to translating vital statistic records in 13 languages: Czech, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Latin, Lithuanian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish and Swedish. Each section shows the alphabet of the language, sample vital statistic records and their translation, and a list of words (and given names) commonly encountered. An indispensable reference source for research involving European languages. 81/2" x 11" 256 pp. hardcover $29. There are also some Internet sources for names, one of which was recently sent to me by Bob Strauch, who writes: "A very good listing of Hungarian first names and nicknames, also their German, Latin, and English equivalents (can be found at:) www.fam.aust.com/topolcsany/names/ Pay close attention to records that may belong to your family but which differ in spelling and/or use equivalent names. Clues to their being records of your family can be found by checking village of birth or marriage, parents names, house numbers, etc. 2. TASTE OF THE BURGENLAND - FASTNACHTS (with help from Bob Strauch & Margaret Kaiser) We've addressed this subject before and it is one of those ethnic traditions that will never die as long as families pass on their heritage. Fastnacht, of course, is Shrove Tuesday, the night before Ash Wednesday, the end of Carnival, Fasching, Mardi Gras - a time to feast, play the fool and otherwise misbehave before the start of Lent. Fasching (Carnival) is one of the Burgenland's most popular events. Fastnacht also refers to a plain doughnut, deep fried; also called Krapfen in German, Fank in Hungarian and other names in other languages. They have been identified with the start of Lent for many years. One of our editors told me some time ago that it had to do with using up fat from butchering, which might spoil when the weather got warmer. In addition most fat used was lard, a meat product not used during Lent. While Fastnacht tradition is found among Germanic, Slavic, Hungarian and Balkan communities, pancakes seem to be the pre-Lenten delicacy elsewhere. Bob Strauch tells me: "According to legend, Faschingskrapfen were first made in Vienna, circa 1700, by a cook named Cäcilia Krapf, who was known for her deep-fried specialties. She accidentally knocked a ball of dough into some hot fat and was surprised to discover that the resulting golden orb was delicious. Known initially as 'Cilli-Kugeln' (Celie-Balls), they quickly became a culinary hit throughout Vienna and beyond." It is important to note that these are a very plain doughnut, although they are frequently improved (?) by the addition of jam and granulated or powdered sugar. To a traditionalist however, it is the texture of the crisp outer layer and soft fluffy interior, as well as the visual pleasing yellow band around the middle that is so satisfying. The taste, even minus sugar and/or filling, reminds one of ethnic kitchen treats from years gone by. For Pennsylvania Dutch (descendants of Palatine immigrants from Germany) and many Lehigh Valley residents, they must be made from potato dough. They are sometimes not appreciated by later generations brought up on Krispy Kreme or Dunkin Donuts - products which ooze sugar, chocolate, icing, nuts, cinnamon, jelly or other additives. The health gurus tell us doughnuts (Fastnachts) will put you in an early grave. Can the day of the true Fastnacht be over? Read on... Some Fastnact Ramblings 2005: (sent by Margaret Kaiser & Bob Strauch) * Copyright (c) 2005, The Morning Call, February 7, 2005 says: "No offense to the fastnacht, but even its most ardent admirers would admit that, when it comes to the taste, there's not a lot going on." Read the rest of this article: http://www.mcall.com/features/all-fasthacht0207,0,1708502.story?coll=all-tjifeatures-hed * Here is an Allentown comment on the above article: I've had those fastnachts from Trexlertown. They were hard and tasteless. For several years I bought "paczki" (almost identical to our Krapfen) from the Polish Deli at the A'town Farmers' Mkt. But since the deli closed, I've made do with fastnachts from Weis Markets, which are made with potato flour. I buy the plain variety, split them, add some apricot lekvar, and sprinkle the top with a little 10X. I know some of our local Burgenlander ladies still make their own. As a last resort, buy a glazed donut, remove the glaze, dry and powder with 10X. Avoid getting the 10X all over your face and clothing. * Subject: Lean times for Fastnachts (sent by Margaret Kaiser) Fastnachts in the LV: Lean times for Fastnachts Health concerns and aging population reducing fans of Pennsylvania German (Eastern European) treat. (from the Morning Call) * Bob suggests: God forbid a person should have one fastnacht a year,especially when there's all that pizza and Italian gelati to be inhaled on a weekly basis. Also, let's not forget all the NY and NJ transplants that have come into the area (no fastnacht tradition there!). LV natives will (always) know what fastnachts are. All the grocery stores have them and I suspect this is where most people get them. (ED. Note - I buy mine at Martin's supermarket in Winchester, VA. - not an ethnic enclave except for me!) * From the Morning Call (Editor comments in parens.) Quote: "In case you're new to the Lehigh Valley, or are just not in the know, faschnachts (sic - the spelling is obviously a phonetic one as 'Fast' in Pa. Dutch is pronounced 'Fasch') are a regional treat made 'famous' by the Pennsylvania Germans (?) who traditionally eat doughnuts on the day before Ash Wednesday, thus its reference as 'Faschnacht Day.' And even though they've been likened to doughnuts, they are definitely not: faschnachts are made with potatoes." (this writer obviously was brought up on modern franchise doughnut products) Quote: "New this year is a Family Faschnacht Recipe Contest. Entrants are required to create faschnachts (sic) from their own family recipe and bring a dozen of the treats, plus a copy of the recipe, to the festival by 7 a.m. Contest winners will be announced at 8." (Note: I understand no one came! Who wants to give up an even dozen!) You may well ask what this all has to do with Burgenland Family History? The time is any Shrove Tuesday during the Depression in Allentown, PA, and a young boy hurries home from school (no buses in those days) on a cold windy day. As he opens the front door of his Burgenland grandmother's house he is assailed by the smell of doughnuts. "OH BOY - Fastnachts," he hollers as he runs to the kitchen where he is given a glass of milk and a plate of warm Fastnachts sprinkled with powdered sugar--that first bite: Heaven--a time when you'd like to live forever! Whenever I eat a true Fastnacht, here or abroad, I relive those moments. After stuffing myself, I'd take a few outside for my friends. I'll bet many more of our BB members have similar memories, made vivid by the Fastnacht tradition. 3. PAPRIKA FOLLOW-UP - NJ HUNGARIAN BUTCHER SHOP (from Margaret Kaiser) In December 2004, a Hungarian-owned butcher shop opened where Hungarian paprika (in attractively-decorated, reusable tin containers and also in paper packaging) is sold in larger amounts (perhaps by kilo or half kilo). European Meat Market of Glen Rock 235 Rock Road Glen Rock, NJ 07452 Joszef & Annamaria Hirs Phone 201 251 2800 U.P.S. delivery English language: www.europeanmeatmarket.com Hungarian language: www.gimagine.com/gimagine/01-szponzorok-hirdetes/European_Meat_Market/default.htm On the day I visited, the butcher was making sausages. Hirka is for sale as well as many other meats and other Hungarian products (newspapers, candy, noodles). On-site parking. Extremely clean and attractive shop. (Margaret also writes that she enjoyed some excellent paprika wurst (sausage) with rye bread, as suggested by the butcher.) 4. DOES LDS HAVE A NEW METHOD OF COPYING RECORDS? (from Tom Glatz) Tom tells me that he read about at least one LDS FHC having a new copier that allows you to scan to their computer. You can then print or transfer to your CD. Using a CD saves the 25 cents per copy. One patron downloaded to a 512 portable memory stick and then burned it to a CD. Understand quality is excellent. (Depending on software used, those digitized CD photos can then be enlarged or lightened for easier translations.) 5. EARLY BURGENLAND (HEILIGENKREUZ) RECORDS - ANOTHER EPISODE The Berghold family migrated to southern Burgenland from the region around Graz, Styria, some time before the late 1600's. They first lived in Heiligenkreuz, and my branch later moved to the next village to the west, which is Poppendorf. Some years ago, I reviewed all of the LDS records for both places (including the Lutheran records at Eltendorf). I then made a few trips to Burgenland to find the earlier (pre-LDS) records. Reviewing those records was hard - it took a lot of time and, while I spent most of 11 days with the Eltendorf records, I couldn't review the Heiligenkreuz records. On a later trip, I did spend a few hours reviewing the holdings at the Diocesan Library in Eisenstadt. I was fairly well-satisfied with what I found - I had a multi-generation linked genealogy reaching back to the mid 1700's, including a lot of sibling records. My new-found cousin Klaus Gerger had family appearing in the Heiligenkreuz records and, living in Austria, he had opportunity to later photocopy the entire pre-LDS records (1710-1827). He digitized them and, on a visit to the US last year, loaded copies on my computer. I hadn't reviewed any records for some time and I couldn't wait to review these. They are very difficult: German script for the most part, poor writing, lots of ink bleed through and much damage. I first determined how the Berghold name appeared in the script handwriting of the various priests and then tried to learn their styles of record entry, including their use of Latin and abbreviations. I also memorized how the other names of villages within the parish appeared in script. This took some time, as it necessitated reviewing many years of records in order to find legible ones that would tell what I needed to know. Fortunately the Berghold name has rarely changed spelling, although I did find a few phonetic Perkholts and Bergkalts and similar. I next went back to the beginning (1710) and filled a notebook with every Berghold entry: baptism, marriage and death. I tried to link them by family but had problems. I then made a computer list in order by date and tried again. Worked a little better but still lots of gaps. My next step was to combine this data with some from the earliest Eltendorf records (at the time they moved from Heiligenkreuz to Poppendorf, my family appear on both Heiligenkreuz Catholic and Eltendorf Lutheran records for a few years). I used this to prepare a family-by-family, generation-by- generation sub-PAF Genealogy - now I was getting somewhere. I still have to assume a few links, but I now have a ten generation ancestral genealogy complete with most siblings. With my descendants, that provides a thirteen generation genealogy and I don't know if I'll try to go much further. I know many BB members keep looking for those pre-LDS records, but wonder how many would continue when they find how bad they can be, but if you are willing to do the work I just enumerated, chances are good. The big problem is getting the records. Newsletter continues as 137A.

THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS - No. 137A DEDICATED TO AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN BURGENLAND FAMILY HISTORY (Our 10th Year-20 Pages/4 Email Sections Issued monthly by G. J. Berghold) February 28, 2005 (c) 2005 G. J. Berghold - all rights reserved *REMEMBER OUR HOMEPAGE ADDRESS IS NOW: http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org This second section of our 2-section newsletter concerns: 1. New BB Membership Option (see article 5) 2. Tradition! 3. Danube River Trips 4. Burgenländische Gemeinschaft and Klaus Gerger 5. The BB & Internet Misuse (see article 1) 6. NJ BB Members - A Call For Help 7. BB Midwest Picnic 1. NEW BB MEMBERSHIP OPTION (also see article 5) When I first started the BB, my idea was to build a database of Burgenland immigrant data. I then thought it would be to members' advantage to be able to contact each other and share more detailed data. In order to enable this, we began publishing member's email addresses. This went well for a number of years and then SPAM reared its ugly head, followed by all sorts of privacy invasion. We now have some people who want to join but are reluctant to do so and have their addresses published. Some forgo searching the web and use their computers strictly for email with family and friends. More and more people are reluctant to use the Internet because of the inherent dangers. Keeping your email address private and not using the Internet, while not a perfect cure, does limit exposure. As a result, our immigrant database is not as large as it could be. Effective immediately, we will give new members the option of having their email addresses unlisted. Of course when this happens they won't be contacted by other members and will have to rely strictly on what they find in our web pages or from their initial BB contact. We will restrict this option to new members only, as it would too difficult for us to retrofit it for our present 1200 members. I will not supply addresses of unlisted members - their email will be deleted as soon as we enter their family data to our web pages. Present members should not ask for addresses. It will still be necessary for new members to supply the data asked for in our Invitation Letter in order to receive our newsletters. This is a requirement that we will not abrogate. Be sure to read Article 5. The BB & Internet Misuse! 2. TRADITION! This song from "Fiddler On The Roof" is going through my head, but the song does emphasize what I'm trying to say in this article. Recently I read an article by a woman who was born in the hills of West Virginia. She remembers hearing songs and tales from her family that they had brought from the old world. She never copied them but, after looking for many years, she recently found some in a song book. She makes the point that we should teach our children their ethnic culture - they may be able to find a book about it some day but maybe it will all be forgotten. Since starting the BB, I have been amazed at how little some second and third generation descendants of Burgenland immigrants know about their heritage. Those who were raised in ethnic enclaves or attended ethnic church schools have a fair knowledge, but many whose families relocated have lost the thread to the Heimat. It's a little early for the fourth generation but I suspect most have already lost that thread. It seems to me that being rootless in our rapidly changing world must be a very lonely existence. We may all ask "where am I going" and receive no answer, but we should all be able to know our origin. We now have almost 1200 members and I urge all of you to share the traditions and culture of the Burgenland with your children and grandchildren before it is too late. Many will have little active interest in genealogy, as such, but even a few facts can pass on ethnic heritage. What should you consider sharing (in addition to that family history you mean to write or the genealogy you're trying to put together)? How about these: Village of origin - find it on a map; Language spoken; Ethnic group (German, Croat, Hungarian); 1921 Burgenland formation; Food - especially those items covered in our "Taste Of The Burgenland" articles; Geographic location of the Burgenland; Place in US settled; Derivation of name; Folk music (see our web page - at least pass on the "Amerika Lied"). This is just a short list but, with these facts, your descendants will have enough knowledge of their ethnic "Tradition" to pass it on to others. Discuss it within you family in moments of leisure or when questions are asked. There may not be a Burgenland Bunch to help in their future. Tradition! 3. DANUBE RIVER TRIPS The Danube, 1800 miles from its source in Germany to its outlet in the Black Sea, is the mother of Trans-Danubia, the region west of the southern flowing Danube bend in Hungary. In the extreme west of Trans-Danubia, we come to the Hungarian-Austrian border and find the Burgenland. This river has influenced the history of the Burgenland in many ways. It was the "Limes" or fortified border of the Romans, it has been a route of conquest, marketing and migration, featured in song and story. By using river travel, one could come close to Burgenland in the days before surfaced roads and rail. Early migrants, like the Donau (Danube) Swabians, traveled to the river by wagon, rafted east to Hungary and used their broken up rafts to build houses. It was one way for early immigrants to reach railroads which would connect them with the trans-Atlantic ports. Some years ago, I found it to be a superb introduction to old Europe. I first traveled it for short distances from the Wachau around Melk and Durnstein to Vienna and later for longer distances from Passau, Germany to Ismail, Russia. I saw castles, abbeys and cathedrals, ancient cities and fishing villages, historic sites, woman washing clothes, children leading cattle to drink, fishermen netting fish. I tasted local cuisine, drank local wines and was exposed to many cultures. I later used the Rhine-Main-Danube to travel from Amsterdam to Vienna to experience more of Europe. This year we hope to use the Danube and the previously-mentioned rivers to experience a 25-day trans-European River Trip: Constanta, Romania on the Black Sea to Amsterdam on the North Sea. You can't get directly to the Burgenland by traveling on the Danube, but you can see many of the places that influenced its history and development. You can then arrange for a pre- or post-visit to the Burgenland later or in conjunction with the river trip. Danube river trips are available from Grand Circle Travel (GCT) of Boston, MA. Their web site is: www.gct.com GCT operates a fleet of modern river boats providing all inclusive tours, featuring many excursions from river ports. Your boat is your hotel and your restaurant - you unpack once. Food is world class. I can recommend GCT highly, as can another of our staff, Bob Unger. Between us, we've made four of these GCT trips. They operate year-round and, to my way of thinking, they are the best way to see Europe short of using your own car and being an experienced traveler with language skills. I only wish the Burgenland had navigable rivers! If you are thinking of a European trip, you might wish to learn more about the GCT river trips by visiting their web site. 4. BURGENLÄNDISCHE GEMEINSCHAFT (BG) WEBSITE - KLAUS GERGER If you are not regularly visiting the website of the BG, you are missing an ethnic experience. I've covered this organization (our sister group) in many of our previous newsletters. Some years ago they created a website which is under the direction of our own BB Associate Editor Klaus Gerger. Klaus is also liaison between the BG and the BB, he wears two ethnic hats. When you link to the BG (and you can do so from the BB Homepage) you will come to a page which allows you to select an English language version of the BG site. Not all the articles are translated but, if you click on all those in blue, you'll find English translations. While my English language articles and a column in English by Walter Dujmovits, Jr. are also found in the surface-mail publication, you can read them here if you are not a BG member. Our Lehigh Valley editor- Bob Strauch- also submits articles in English. You will find many references to the Burgenland Bunch and there is a link to our Homepage. The BG will soon celebrate their 50th Anniversary. The BG News is published every two months and mailed to BG members from Austria, but you can read all about it at the BG website. There is also a section in English where people in Burgenland are looking for relatives in the United States. You might find a connection. There is much else of value and I suggest you visit this site at least every other month. There is an archive of previous issues. If you want to book keep their URL you can find them on: http://www.burgenlaender.com/BG/IndexE.html 5. THE BB & INTERNET MISUSE (also see article 1) The Internet is a marvelous tool. From the comfort of our homes we can access information worldwide, and it grows daily. I read that Google plans to digitize the World's great libraries. Like so many good things, Internet has also attracted the scam artists, the criminal element, those looking for free advertising of spurious products and the lunatic fringe. Like the telephone, TV, CB, radio, surface mail and other communication devices, it is now plagued by misuse, the least of which is SPAM. Lack of Virus protection, Firewalls, etc. can cause serious damage to your files and computer system. Email which appears to be from friends or associates can harbor worms and bugs which not only destroy your files but go on to infect those stored on your email address lists. The Internet can be as dangerous as the most crime-ridden inner city. Our governments wring their hands and debate endlessly but offer little in the way of a cure (kudos to the State of Virginia and others for enacting anti-Spam legislation - now they need a responsive judicial system). I have seen a decided drop in requests for BB membership resulting from Internet misuse. In the past, over 50% of BB Invitation Letters would result in a membership application. That percentage has dropped significantly. I also hear from a growing number of members who ask to be removed or canceled because they receive too much BB SPAM from our site or email from me harboring virus and worms. That this is not possible, (the BB sends no SPAM and I send no email other than those replying to individual queries) is ignored. So is the fact that newsletters from our distributor is the only email received from the Burgenland Bunch. I have stopped responding to such queries, I cancel or remove them and let them feel they have solved their problem. I imagine they are soon taught otherwise if they continue to surf the web. I know other newsletter editors are likewise troubled. Some have given up. Some go the extra mile to accommodate their readers but many have neither the resources nor the time required to fight this ever-growing problem. Others have gone commercial to acquire resources necessary to continue operations. Many, like ours, still operate free, voluntary, subjective help on a limited time and cash basis. What they do is a service to others in the interests of furthering subject knowledge. The ultimate crime for which SPAMMERS and Virus criminals should be held accountable is the effect of their actions on this source of information. Like thieves, society should chastise them not for what they steal but for the locks and keys with which society is encumbered. The first article of this section offers a new membership option. It may add to our Burgenland immigrant database but it will definitely decrease the value of our BB site. If members can't communicate with those supplying the data, such data, at best, are only clues. Nonetheless, this is one extra mile attempt to continue the work of the BB. Please, please remember that I do not send email except in reply to your queries and that my email is virus free and will contain the letters BB as well as your subject line. The ONLY mail you will normally receive from the BB will be our newsletters showing our distributor's address. You cannot reply to the newsletters and they are virus free and contain no SPAM. If you receive other mail purporting to come from us, DELETE IT without opening! When writing to me or other members, ADD "BB" to your subject line! With a little thought, cooperation and patience, perhaps we can shield ourselves from the Internet criminal element. 6. NJ BB MEMBERS - A CALL FOR HELP (from Frank Paukowits) The BB Members who constructed the NY Burgenland Immigrant Remembrance List, http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org/BH&R/ny-home.htm, are planning to expand their website, by including another module for deceased New Jersey Burgenländers. Because a large part of this effort involves visits to cemeteries, they believe doing the project in the spring/summer makes the most sense. The more help they can get, the better the end result. Based on the things they did on the New York project, the work is both interesting and satisfying. It involves contacting people to obtain information on decendants, visits to cemeteries to identify grave locations, research at the Ellis Island site, reading death notices in local newspapers, etc. If you would like to participate in this project, send an e-mail to Frank Paukowits at Paukowits1@aol.com. Honor your deceased ancestors. If you don't have the time to actively participate, at a minimum provide the names of deceased family and friends who came from Burgenland and who are buried in New Jersey. We will add them to the Remembrance List. (ED Note: See newsletter 134B for article concerning the NY part of the website.) 7. BB MIDWEST PICNIC (from Dale Knebel) Fellow Burgenlanders, The date for the annual Midwest Burgenland Picnic has been set. Dean Wagner has reserved the shelter at Trapp Family Park in Minneapolis (actually Eagan), MN, for 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Sunday, August 7, 2005. More details will be forthcoming. END OF NEWSLETTER BURGENLAND BUNCH Coordinator & Editor Newsletter, Gerald Berghold A Staff Photo may be found at BB-Staff.html BB ARCHIVES & STAFF can be reached via Home Page hyperlinks BURGENLAND HOME PAGE (WEB SITE) http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org The BB is in contact with the Burgenländische Gemeinschaft, Hauptplatz 7, A-7540 Güssing, Burgenland, Austria. Burgenland Bunch Newsletter distributed by RootsWeb.com, Inc. P.O. Box 6798, Frazier Park, CA 93222-6798 Newsletter and List Rights Reserved. Permission to Copy Granted; Provide Credit and Mention Source.