1) THE PRESIDENT'S CORNER (by Tom Steichen)
This
month's random bits and pieces (Article 1) begins (sadly) with
notices of the deaths of two charter BB staff members, Fritz Königshofer and
Frank Teklits. It was a loss to the BB when they retired and now a loss to the world with
their passing. In the third bit, I call out a well-known author for spouting
emigrant-related nonsense... see if you agree. In the fourth bit, I comment on Austrian
federal politics, hopefully helping you better understand some of those details and
current issues. The fifth bit is a birthday congratulations... to a Burgenland
politician that many of you have met... but you'll have to read it to find out who! The sixth
bit is about the Burgenland and Austrian populations... both set records in 2022! The
penultimate bit is about the sun setting on a couple of Rootsweb tools...
Ancestry.com will no longer make them available. The final bit is targeted at our
Chicago-area readers... The Jolly Burgenländer Social Club will hold an event... read
all about it there.
Our regular tidbits include the monthly BB Facebook report, book
sales, no recipe (you should consider providing one!) and a thought item.
The remaining articles are our standard sections: A Historical BB Newsletter
article, Ethnic Events and Emigrant Obituaries.
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Ex- BB Staff Member Fritz Königshofer Has Died:
It
was a little over four years ago that I reported that Fritz Königshofer, our BB Austrian
Editor, had decided to retire from the BB staff. At that time, Fritz was the sole
remaining member of Gerry Berghold's first-announced staff... so that decision severed the
final tie to the initial BB.
Fritz joined the BB in January of 1998 (just one year after the BB began) and by September of
that year was asked to join the initial editorial staff, which he did, as he was contributing
material to the newsletter almost every month anyway! Thus he was a BB staff member for a full
20 years (and a BB member for even longer). His resignation left me as the longest
active-tenure staff member (now at 22 years and 10 months, with VP Klaus Gerger just 3 months
behind).
I knew Fritz was pondering retirement back then, even though I hoped not, as I did not want
the BB to lose Fritz’ expertise and, for his sake, I hoped that Fritz’ health would give him a
few more good years. However, it was clear for some time that Fritz was suffering effects of
Parkinson's; that disease eventually caused him to require specialized care when his family
could no longer provide what he needed in the home.
Fritz began genealogy in 1994. His connection to Burgenland was that his great-grandfather,
Adolf Königshofer, emigrated from Styria to Burgenland in 1882 to teach in Olbendorf,
Gamischdorf and Poppendorf. In Poppendorf, Adolf succeeded Gerry Berghold's great-grandfather,
Emil Langasch. Two of Adolf's five children emigrated to the US and Fritz' grandfather,
Koloman Königshofer, was a teacher in Raabfidisch, Rauchwart, Neumarkt an der Raab and married
Anna Koller, who descended from ancestors in Rechnitz, Rohrbach bei Mattersburg and
Lockenhaus.
Below is the obituary provided by the family. As a friend and colleague to Fritz, I agree
fully with its final line... he will be missed!
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Obituary: Friedrich "Fritz" Königshofer died peacefully in Bethesda, MD,
on February 1, 2023. He is survived by his wife llse, his children Yves and Marilyn, and his 5
grandchildren. Fritz was born October 8, 1944, in Frýdek, in what is now the Czech Republic,
and graduated with a Ph.D. from the University of Graz in Applied Mathematics and
Physics. He met his wife at a ball in Graz, Austria, and they were married in 1974.
Early in his career, at the Computing Center of Graz, Fritz managed the Austrian
Computer Chess project. Among his other professional achievements, he was a Research
Associate at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Geneva, Switzerland
(1974-1977), and Section Head of Telecommunications and Graphics at ECMWF (European
Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) in Reading, England (1977-1981). He joined the
World Bank in 1981, where his work took him all over the globe—principally Europe, the
Middle East, and Asia. He retired in 2004 as the Lead Procurement Specialist at the
International Bank of Reconstruction and Development.
In retirement, Fritz pursued his passion for ancestral research until Parkinson prevented him
from further work. For his contributions to Burgenland for work performed through the
Burgenland Bunch, he was awarded the Burgenland Goldene Medaille Badge of Honor in
2012 and the Ehrenmedaille Honor Medal for Thanks and Recognition in 2017 for
his continuing work, both presented by the Governor of Burgenland.
Fritz loved ballroom dancing, fine food and wine, competitive table tennis, hiking in the
Alps, mushroom hunting, chess, and cave exploration. He especially loved spending time with
his five grandchildren.
Fritz is loved and missed by his family, friends, and colleagues.
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Ex- BB Staff Member Frank Teklits Has Died: It is not very often (thank
goodness)
that
I have to have two such similar bit titles such as this and the one above... but,
unfortunately, I do. However, this occurred only because I had not noted Frank's death back in
July 2022.
Frank was a charter member of both the BB and the BB staff, holding the title of Croatian
Editor in that first staff. In that capacity (and ethnicity), he was our specialist in all
things Croatian, answering questions and creating resources that survive him. With John
Lavendoski, he created a Szentpéterfa Catholic church records database, John photographing the
original records in Hungary and Frank transcribing them. That database contains 17,037 birth
records from 1681 to 1925, 10,201 death records from 1682 to 1906, and 3,686 marriage records
from 1683 to 1934.
Once completed, Frank worked with the LDS (as titled then, now FamilySearch) to
contribute the records. While Frank intended these records to be publicly available over the
web, when we checked in 2017, the records were still restricted to viewing in a
FamilySearch Family Learning Center. Given that, Frank gave permission for the BB to post
the records on our site, which we did.
Because both Sankt Kathrein and Moschendorf were closely associated with Szentpéterfa, Frank
also transcribed the Catholic records for those villages. The Sankt Kathrein database consists
of 3,240 birth records from 1804 to 1895, 2,846 death records from 1804 to 1895, and 789
marriage records from 1804 to 1905, and the Moschendorf database consists of 3,874 birth
records from 1783 to 1895, 3,650 death records from 1788 to 1895, and 1,045 marriage records
from 1789 to 1923. These records were also contributed to FamilySearch and to the BB.
In addition to these databases, Frank took on the challenge of translating Johann Dobrovich's
definitive history of the Burgenland Croats, the 1963 book Volk an der Grenze (People
on the Border). That translation first appeared serially in the BB newsletter but was
later consolidated and posted on the BB website here:
People on the
Border - Dobrovich.
For these efforts, Frank was awarded the Verdienstkreuz (Merit Cross) medal in 2002 by
the Burgenland Parliament for service to Burgenland.
When he retired from the BB staff in 2006, he wrote, "It's been a pleasure being a charter
member of the BB and seeing it grow into an international group while seemingly never having
lost the feeling of being an aggressive young organization constantly seeking more knowledge
of Burgenland, our ancestral homeland."
Below is the obituary published by the family.
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Obituary: Frank Anthony Teklits, November 6, 1930 - July 3, 2022, Warminster,
Pennsylvania.
Frank Anthony Teklits passed away on July 3, 2022. Frank was 91 years old. Frank was born on
November 6, 1930 in Northampton, PA to Mary and Joseph S. Teklits. Frank is preceded in death
by his beloved wife of 70 years, Mary Teklits. He is survived by his loving children, Joseph
and his wife Patricia, Jeanne Paskus, Susan Brinkmann, Lawrence and his wife Lisa, Robert and
his wife Kim, and Richard and his wife Phyllis; 15 grandchildren; and 15 great-grandchildren.
Frank Teklits was a loving husband, father, grandfather, great grandfather, brother and
friend. Frank met the love of his life, Mary Bodish in Northampton. They were married on July
14, 1951. Frank was a veteran of the Korean War serving in the United States Air Force. After
his service Frank obtained a degree in Engineering Physics from Lehigh University. Frank
worked in electronics and computers at Philco Ford, Burroughes and Unisys Corporation. During
his career, Frank traveled the world.
Frank loved life and in particular enjoyed spending time with his grandchildren and great
grandchildren, watching Notre Dame and Penn State football, golf, baseball, traveling with
Mary and always enjoyed a good bottle of wine and a good meal. Frank dedicated a great deal of
his retired life to genealogy research for family and friends.
Frank's family will receive relatives and friends on Thursday, July 28th, from 10 to 11AM, at
Our Lady of Good Counsel Church 611 Knowles Ave. Southampton, PA 18966. A Mass of Christian
Burial will begin at 11:00AM. Frank will be laid to rest with his wife Mary at St. John
Neumann Cemetery, Chalfont, PA.
To share your fondest memories of Frank and to express your condolences to the Teklits family
please visit www.McGheeGivnish.com.
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You
Would Think He Would Know Better! I recently read John Grisham's 2022 novel, The
Boys From Biloxi... and it pissed me off! Not just once, but twice within the first
10 pages. Let me give you two quotes, the first being in the second paragraph of the book:
The immigrants... their parents and grandparents were Poles, Hungarians, Czechs, as
well as Croatians, and they had been quick to assimilate into the ways of their new
country. The children learned English, taught it to their parents, and rarely spoke the
mother tongues at home. Most of their surnames had been unpronounceable to customs
officials and had been Americanized at the Port of New Orleans and Ellis Island.
The second quote doubled down just nine pages later:
The kid's name, back in Croatia, was Oron Malokovic, another mouthful. Some customs
officials were patient and worked tediously to record the correct names. Others were
hurried, impatient, or indifferent, or maybe felt as though they were doing the immigrant a
favor by renaming him or her with something that might adapt easier in the new country. In
all fairness, some of the names from "over there" were difficult for English speakers to
pronounce. New Orleans and the Gulf Coast had a rich history dominated by French and
Spanish, and by the 1800s those languages had melted easily into the English. But the
consonant-laden Slavic tongues were another matter. At any rate, Oron became Aaron Malco,
an identity he reluctantly embraced because he had no choice.
I hope you know what I'm pissed at... it's the old saw that names were changed by American
"customs officials" against the will of the immigrants. I expect better of Grisham. He's known
to carefully research his story lines but totally failed here.
If you have ever paid attention to the passenger manifests that documented our ancestors at
America's immigrant ports, you should have observed that names were seldom modified on
those forms... I can count on one hand the number of changes I've seen in 25 years of working
in those records. Further, those records were filled out in Europe on the ship before
it departed, and by native-language speakers so that the process could go quickly.
What you will see on the forms is checkmarks and notations added by the US customs officials
as they confirmed the information given by the immigrants and identified family groupings on
the forms. Their job was to make sure every passenger was accounted for and met our entry
requirements... their names meant little except as something to be checked off!
What is sad is that Grisham writes something in his first quote that should have tipped him
off to the reality of the situation, saying "they had been quick to assimilate into the
ways of their new country. The children learned English, taught it to their parents, and
rarely spoke the mother tongues at home." Yes! And part of assimilating was choosing a new
name for themselves that worked better in their new world. They were the ones that
heard the struggles of their new friends and then chose and embraced a new name to make it
easier for everyone. Yes, a lot of names did change... but it was by choice, not force. Shame
on you John Grisham!
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Austrian Federal Politics: I'm once again going to talk about Austrian
politics... if that bothers you, please write and tell me so. Likewise, if you find these
discussions informative and welcome, let me know that too. I'm often "working in a vacuum"
when it comes to what is useful in the newsletter, so some guidance is helpful.
Also, this discussion will once again concern the center-left SPÖ Party. Why? Because
the SPÖ holds an absolute majority in Burgenland and thus its fate is of greatest
interest to Burgenländers (and also, I presume, to us). As a reminder, Burgenland's state
assembly (Landtag) currently has 36 seats, divided among the Social Democratic Party
(SPÖ) with 19 seats, the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) with 11 seats, the
Freedom Party (FPÖ) with 4 seats and the Green Party with 2 seats. That absolute
majority means that the SPÖ was able to form a government without sharing power with
another party, something it has been able to do in 4 of the last 5 elections (I didn't check
back further). It also has led the Burgenland government continuously since 1964.
When it comes to Austrian Federal politics, there have been 23 National
Council elections since WW-II. The SPÖ party led the Federal government (held the
most seats and attained the Chancellorship) in 15 of those 23 elections, with 13 being
among the 14 governments from 1970 to 2017, including absolute majorities in the governments
formed in 1971, 1975 and 1979. However, their fate since then has been a relatively steady
decline in percent of seats held, as shown by the red bars below, earning only 27 and 21% of
seats in the two most-recent elections, resulting in a loss of the Chancellorship in
those elections.
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Part of this decline was due to the advent of the far-left Green party, which captured
leftist positions and votes from the center-left SPÖ. Additional votes were lost to the
recent rise of numerous small parties, which each take selected votes from all the major
parties. Lastly, I suspect the center-right ideas of the ÖVP are currently attractive
to the Austrian people, whose comparative affluence is under some threat from the cost of the
ongoing waves of migrants and asylum-seekers.
But, regardless of the reasons for decline, the Federal SPÖ wants to return to its
glory days of leading the Austrian government. With National Council elections
scheduled for 2024, they are currently doing some brow beating and are throwing out ideas for
improving their status with voters. Not surprisingly, some of the ideas are misinterpreted and
create offence within the party, even if offence was not intended.
The most recent such flap evolved around comments by Peter Kaiser, SPÖ governor of
Carinthia... comments that were interpreted in the media as a proposal that the federal SPÖ
place current party chairwoman Pamela Rendi-Wagner and Burgenland governor Hans Peter Doskozil
in a "dual leadership" role. Kaiser has since made it clear that such media reports are a
"misrepresentation" of his words. Rather, he was talking about an entire leadership team that
should act together under party chairwoman Pamela Rendi-Wagner in order to put an end to the
media escalation and its focus on one person.
He went on to name a large group of SPÖ leaders, both up-and-coming and long-standing,
including Rendi-Wagner and Doskozil, as well as himself, Michael Ludwig (governor of Vienna),
Andreas Babler (a young but rising mayor in Lower Austria), Christian Kern (the most recent
SPÖ Chancellor), Georg Dornauer (the Tyrol SPÖ leader), David Egger (Salzburg SPÖ), Julia Herr
(on the National Council from Burgenland) and Doris Bures (on the National Council from
Vienna).
Kaiser said he believed that the SPÖ, as a team, would have a much stronger impact and be
better perceived... "If we bundle our strengths, then I can imagine that Social Democracy
is the real alternative to the current federal government."
This prompted comments in the media by a fair number of the politicians Kaiser had named, but
I'll quote just one. Salzburg SPÖ leader David Egger said, "The idea is good, right and
important." ... "As a coach of a team, I would be stupid to have players like Messi or
Neymar and let one of them sit on the bench." ... "It should not be an either-or,
but an and debate."
It is worth noting that, although Pamela Rendi-Wagner is the SPÖ's current top
candidate, she will still need to be reconfirmed as such by the relevant SPÖ committees
before the election.
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Burgenland's
Verena Dunst Is Now 65: Our old friend from Burgenland delegation visits of the past,
current Burgenland State Parliament (Landtag) President Verena (Mikovits) Dunst,
celebrated her 65th birthday in February. Despite questions by ORF Burgenland about
rumors that she wanted to retire as President of the Landtag, she said she was far from
tired of office. She went on to say that there have been comments about her moving from the
Presidium back to the Landtag but that she has never spoken specifically with
Governor Hans Peter Doskozil about doing so.
Dunst has been a fixture in the SPÖ Burgenland politics for decades. In 1994 she became a
member of the National Council for the SPÖ. In 2000, she took on a Landtag
mandate. From the end of 2000 to February 2019 she was a member of Hans Niessl's Burgenland
governments. Since his retirement and the rise of Doskozil, she has been President of the
Landtag... and is content to continue in that role.
From your BB friends: happy birthday, Verena!
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Austrian/Burgenland Populations: According to Statistics Austria, the
Austrian population exceeded the nine million mark and Burgenland exceeded 300,000 for the
first time in their histories.
It was reported that 301,311 people lived in Burgenland on January 1, with 3,728 new
Burgenländers joining in the last year, and with more than half of them coming from Ukraine.
Despite the strong influx from Ukraine, the proportion of foreign-born nationals in Burgenland
is the lowest in Austria, at about 11.2 percent or 34,000 people.
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As for the graph, the first data point is for 1918. By 1934, before the losses from the Second
World War, the population in Burgenland had risen to 299,447 inhabitants. The record low was
recorded in 1981, with 269,771 inhabitants, but the population has risen ever since. The
forecast for the year 2080 is around 328,000 inhabitants.
Nonetheless, the step beyond 300,000 Burgenländers is a historic one!
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Ancestry.com to Shut Down RootsWeb Mailing Lists and WorldConnect Trees:
Ancestry.com
acquired RootsWeb and WorldConnect trees in 2000, agreeing to keep both free,
however, as others have noted, they never agreed to keep them intact. Thus, after 23 years,
the RootsWeb mailing lists will be gone April 6, and the WorldConnect trees on
April 15th. The word is that the trees will be incorporated into the Ancestry tree
system... but the mailing lists will just be deleted.
Back when the BB newsletter was email-based, the BB used a RootsWeb mailing list to
distribute it and another read-only list to archive the published newsletters. Quite a few
years ago, however, I realized that the Ancestry-controlled RootsWeb services
had become quite unreliable and I switched our distribution (then just a notification that the
online newsletter was published) to a different service and ported our old newsletters into an
archive on our own server, where they remain accessible today.
While nothing has been said about the RootsWeb Message Boards, I suspect these too will
be mothballed eventually and survive now only because they were ported into the Ancestry
message board system many years ago. The BB manages this former RootsWeb board:
ancestry.com/boards/localities.ceeurope.austria.Prov.burgenland and we link to it under
our "Queries" button. However, only 3 message threads were added or altered in 2021, just 5 in
2022 and, so far this year, 2 threads have been affected. To put this into perspective, there
are currently 5901 messages on the board, but with only 43 messages added over the last two
years. Because of this limited use, I can't imagine Ancestry will find value in
retaining them.
Nonetheless, this is your warning that the above services are going away. If you have
something of value on either, you should capture it soon since little time remains.
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Chicago's
"Jolly Burgenländer Social Club": The Jolly Burgenländer is, I believe, the
only Burgenland ethnic organization still surviving in the Chicago area... and even it has
generalized itself to an "Austrian Social Club."
They will be holding their Spring Dance at 2 pm on Sunday, April 30, at the Gaelic
Park, 6119 West 147th Street, Oak Forest, IL. Tickets are $15 in advance, $20 at the door
(ages 16 and under free). There will be food, drinks, Austrian desserts and Raffle prizes, as
well as prize awards for the best-dressed in Trachten for adults and children.
Contacts for info and tickets are: Eileen Cassidy 708-424-4909, Ed Wagner 708-837-7609 and
Christine Walthier 815-469-6645. The club is on Facebook as JollyBurgenlanderClub.
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The
Facebook Bunch (from Vanessa Sandhu):
Greetings, Burgenland Bunch!
I hope that you are all doing well! We had a great month in our Facebook group. Our
membership count stands at 1993. To me, this is incredible. We started off with just two
members just 6 years ago, and now we are nearly 2000 members strong. Please consider joining
us if you haven’t done so—with so many helpful members, we can help
you break down almost any brick wall in your genealogical research!
facebook.com/groups/TheBurgenlandBunchOFFICIAL/
First of all, I would love to thank several newsletter members who were vital in helping
Christoph Stangl, one of our Facebook members, find the gravesite of his great
grandmother, Theresia (Schatz) Pfeiffer. Special thanks to President Tom Steichen,
Fred Harris, Robert Schatz, BB Staff Member Margaret Kaiser, and Frank
Magdits. Your help is greatly appreciated!
The Jolly Burgenländer Social Club will be hosting its Spring Dance on
Sunday, April 30, 2023. The dance will be held at GAELIC PARK 6119 West 147th Street, Oak
Forest, IL 60452. Doors Open at 1:30pm - Music Starts at 2:00pm. Austrian Music provided by Ed
Wagner's Lustige Blaskapelle Brass Band. Come enjoy food, drinks, Austrian desserts,
and raffle prizes. Tickets are $15 in advance and are $20 at the door. Prizes awarded for best
adults and children in Trachten. *Ages 16 and under free * For Tickets or Information,
Contact: Eileen Cassidy @ 708-424-4909, Ed Wagner @ 708-837-7609, or Christine Walthier @
815-469-6645.
The Coplay Sängerbund’s Heritage Committee will be hosting its Lumpenball
(Bum’s Ball) on Sunday, March 26, 2023 from 3-6 pm. Entertainment will be provided by the
Emil Schanta Band. Dress in your worst and come home with a prize! The Coplay
Sängerbund is located at 205 S. 5th Street, Coplay, PA 18037.
Member Franz Stangl shared over 400 awesome photos from the 2023 Güssinger
Faschingsumzug (Carnival parade). It looks like a great time was had by all.
Member Martha Orlovits added new cemetery albums, this time featuring gravesites
from Cemetery Illmitz and Cemetery Apetlon. Thank you, Martha, for all of your
hard work. These photos are an incredible resource for all of the BB members abroad searching
for the final resting places of their loved ones.
Member Fred Knarr shared a fun YouTube channel which takes on “German
in Austria”, explaining the nuances of the German/ Austrian dialect.
youtube.com/@dhb.deutschinoesterreich
We end with an extremely sad bit of news. I’m sure that there will be a very thorough tribute
shared in this month’s newsletter by our President Tom Steichen, but we at the Burgenland
Bunch Facebook group would like to acknowledge the passing of late staff member emeritus,
Friedrich “Fritz” Königshofer. Fritz was one of the original BB staff members,
joining the BB in 1998. He retired in 2018. Fritz was an integral part of the development of
the Burgenland Bunch and all of his efforts and contributions are greatly appreciated.
Thank you for all that you have done for us, Fritz. Please keep his family and friends in your
thoughts.
CONNECTIONS:
Member MJ Neubauer is looking for Neubauer and Wagner family members who
emigrated to the New York/ New Jersey area from Geresdorf: MJ writes “I’m researching
family names Neubauer and Wagner from Geresdorf. I’ll ask first about the Neubauer side. There
was a Frank or Franz Neubauer born approximately 1900. Parents Johann and Maria Spanitz. I do
not have much info or a date of death for Frank. I am not sure he immigrated to the US. He had
brothers Johann and Julius 1908-1999. Johann’s two sons John 1925-died 2016 in NJ and Franz
born approximately 1920-1930s. As of 2016, Franz was still alive and living in Burgenland. I
have no further info on him. If anyone has information or a connection to this family, please
let me know. Thank you.”
Member Christina Emma writes “Still searching for any information on
Melchkart/Melchart (various spellings) from Glashutten bei Schlaining. Anything, relatives,
graves, suggestions, Immigrating to the USA and/or Canada? Thank You. Kindest regards from
Alberta, Canada.”
If anyone has any information for MJ or Christina, I’d be happily to pass it along! Please
feel free to email me: HooftyRN@msn.com.
That’s all for now - stay safe and healthy!
Vanessa
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Update
for book "The Burgenländer Emigration to America": Here is this month's update on
purchases of the English issue of the 3rd edition of Dr. Walter Dujmovits' book "Die
Amerika-Wanderung Der Burgenländer."
Current total sales are 1713 copies, as interested people purchased 2 more books during this
past month.
As always, the book is available for online purchase at a
list price of $8.89 (which is the current production charge for the book, as we
purposely choose not to make a profit so we can avoid dealing with the income tax
consequences and so you can obtain the book at as low a cost as possible!), plus tax &
shipping. Unfortunately, the price above is somewhat higher than in previous months, as our
on-demand publisher, Lulu, recently raised is printing prices by 9.5%, meaning we must
charge more. See the BB homepage for a link to the
information / ordering page and for information about current discounts (there is at least one
discount on price or shipping available most of the time... if not, wait a few days and there
will be one!).
The book is an excellent read for the Burgenländers in your family.
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Burgenland Recipes: No recipe this month. Can you share
one?
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Note:
Our recipes sortable list has links directly to the recipes or
food-related articles published in our past newsletters. You can access the list by clicking
our recipe box (to the right). Thanks to the contributions of our members over the years, we
have quite a collection of Burgenland recipes, some with several variations.
However, whenever we use up our unpublished recipes, this recipe section will become dormant.
So, if you have a favorite family recipe, please consider sharing it with us. We will be happy
to publish it. Our older relatives, sadly, aren't with us forever, so don't allow your
favorite ethnic dish to be lost to future generations.
You can send your recipe to BB Recipes Editor,
Alan Varga. Thanks!
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Words for Thought:
"In three words I can sum up everything I've learned about life: it goes on."
— Robert Frost
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3) HISTORICAL BB NEWSLETTER ARTICLES
Editor: This is part of our series designed to recycle interesting articles from the
BB Newsletters of 10 years ago. This month I chose to repeat the Historical
article I chose back then... and that article was actually from July 1997, some 26 years ago,
rather than the nominal 10 years ago target. Gerry Berghold had published an article about the
kind of food available to Burgenländers around 1900 along with some of his personal
reminiscences from the kitchens of his immigrant grandparents. It is such a fine overview that
you get it again!
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THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS No. 14A
July 5, 1997
FOOD IN PRE-EMIGRATION BURGENLAND (by Gerry Berghold)
In an older issue of the Burgenländische Gemeinschaft newsletter, in a column called "So war
es damals..." (the way it was), Dr. Walter Dujmovits shared some scenes from his childhood. He
describes his father, sitting at the head of the kitchen table, cutting a cross in a loaf of
bread (a very old peasant form of saying grace) before presenting slices to each member of the
family. First to the mother, then any other adults, then the children, oldest first and
youngest last. (The youngest also had the privilege of scraping the bowl of the main dish).
This was followed by serving portions of the main dish, in roughly the same order.
This made me think of meals with my immigrant grandparents, who followed the same procedure. A
baker named Oberecker (a Burgenländer) in Allentown, PA, delivered unsliced rye bread and
Kaiser rolls, still warm from the oven, to their house on Jordan Street in the north end of
town. It was post WW-II, before sliced bread (yech!) was delivered by the Freihoffer Bakery
delivery van.
My
grandfather Alois Sorger from Rosenberg (Güssing) always sliced the bread by holding the loaf
in his left hand and cutting toward his chest. The loaf was left on the table on a bread board
with the knife. Years later, under my mother's prodding, bread was sliced before we sat at
table and put in a bread basket with a napkin, thus ending the ceremony. "Pop" would laugh
with pleasure whenever he handed me a piece of bread, maybe because the staff of life was
available in abundance in America or maybe just because he enjoyed feeding his grandson!
Food in the Burgenland of the turn of the century was very similar to that eaten in rural
America. There just wasn't that much of it, particularly meat. Smoked or preserved meat ran
out by Easter.
A bad harvest could be a time of famine and there was little cash to buy what little food was
available. Two bad harvests in a row could mean starvation. At the turn of the century, a few
dollars enclosed in a letter from an emigrant relative was cause for rejoicing and could make
a substantial difference in diet.
The many memorials to immigrant relatives which we find today throughout the Burgenland attest
to the fact that this generosity was not uncommon. Immigrants in the US knew from experience
that their relatives could be in serious need of help.
During good times, many meals might include the following:
Bread, butter and milk or wine were breakfast items. Coffee (introduced when huge stocks of
coffee beans were left behind by the Turks when they fled following the first siege of Vienna)
was a luxury, but was always a breakfast item when the family could afford it. Tea (with Rum
or Schnapps) was for sick or old people. With breakfast, the men of the house would have a
small glass of "Schnapps" or white fruit brandy made from apples or cherries ("Kirsch"), the
plum brandy "Slivovitz", or Hungarian "Barack Palinka" made from apricots. Many farmers
distilled this themselves and sold some along with their wine to raise cash. Butter was not
used at other meals, particularly when other fats or dairy products were present. Butter and
eggs were "trading" items to be sold for necessities that couldn't be made or raised at home.
Uncooked smoked bacon, cured with a coating of paprika, was cut into small cubes and eaten
with breakfast bread or carried to the fields or job with bread and a small jug of wine and
water for a mid-morning break. Cheese, or cold cured or smoked sausage of many varieties if
available, was also a breakfast or break item.
The mid-day meal was normally the largest meal of the day and often involved a clear soup (Tage
Suppe), made from boiled beef, sometimes chicken stock. It included an addition or "Einladen"
of noodles (home made), buckwheat "sterz" or dumplings (potato, bread, barley, semolina, liver
or many other varieties) or rice or whatever was available. My grandfather never asked what
kind of soup he was getting, he always wanted to know what the "Einladen" was. A soup could
also be made from flour browned in fat ("Einbrenn") if meat wasn't available. "Einbrenn" was
also used to season vegetables. The meat from which the soup was made was eaten as a second
course with boiled potatoes or homemade noodles or in season vegetables. "Böhnen"
(bean)
Suppe and "Gulyas" Suppe, a very thin paprika flavored goulash soup were often made, as well
as creamed pumpkin soup. Knowing the value of greens, everything from wild greens like
dandelion to garden salad or onions, sweet peppers, cabbage or other vegetables were used as
salad. Cucumbers with sour cream were popular. Oil pressed from pumpkin seeds (Kernöl) or
sunflowers, and vinegar made from wine or cider was used as a salad dressing. Wild mushrooms,
nuts (almonds, walnuts, hazel nuts) and berries were picked to supplement food stocks.
When greens were out of season, cold sauerkraut or cold boiled dried white beans with onions
dressed with vinegar and oil served as a salad. Wine with water (wine was often mixed with
water to taste) or apple or pear cider accompanied most meals. Wine was considered a basic
food item. This was an old custom dating to medieval times when those employed by the nobility
would receive a daily ration of bread ("Zipolte") and wine. Vineyards were introduced as early
as Roman times and wine was drunk in all stages of its development, from the first press of
the grapes ("Most") to just before it became vinegar. Considering that water sources were
often polluted, mixing wine with water was probably a life saving habit. In Eltendorf and
Königsdorf, a stream which still runs through the center of the village was the source of
potable water. It was also used for washing, sewage (local ordinances specified only at night)
and watering stock. Local church death registers are full of typhoid, dysentery and other
causes of death due to bad water.
Supper
was frequently a one dish meal and could include such things as "Sterz" made from cornmeal,
boiled in salt and water, then cooked in lard (better than it sounds) or buckwheat flour and
water (sometimes mixed with blood from butchering or eggs) which was poured in a greased pan
and baked. Potato dumplings containing plums or apricots were boiled in water, then fried with
bread crumbs and sprinkled with sugar (Twestchen Knödel). A fine dessert. Homemade noodles
made from eggs, flour and water (with sometimes the addition of mashed potatoes to stretch the
flour) were eaten mixed with many things like cottage cheese (Topfen), ground nuts (Nussen)
and sugar, ground poppy seeds (Mohn), fried cabbage, pork crackling (Grammel - the crisp bits
remaining from rendering lard) or bread crumbs. Goulash (made much thicker than the Suppe) was
very popular and made in countless ways, all of which used lots of onions and sweet paprika
and would even be eaten for breakfast. If times were good, Goulash was always available.
Peppers filled with rice and meat in an Einbrenn tomato sauce were popular. A dish of barley
and beans (sometimes ham) cooked together was called "Richert" and was popular and filling.
For feast days and holidays, goose was the first item of choice. Geese were force-fed with
corn to enlarge their liver (pate de foi gras). I remember my grandmother holding a live
goose, wrapped in a towel, in her lap while she fed the goose all it could hold. I never ate
goose liver! The goose was kept in a cage in the covered alley way between her house and the
neighbors and would vent its displeasure by hissing at me if I came near. It's feathers would
later stuff home made pillows.
Fish (generally pond raised carp, or lake pike or smoked, dried or pickled fish) were
available and eaten on Fridays and fast days. Local marshland near Güssing was drained by
creating a fish pond "Teich". Tons of fish have been harvested from this pond. Neusiedler See
was also fished.
Fruit (apples, apricots, pears, plums, cherries) in season was eaten with bread or made into
"Strudels", a many layered phyllo dough ("Retes") stretched paper thin, brushed with melted
fat and covered with sliced fruit, sugar, spices and bread crumbs, then rolled into a pan
sized "blanket roll", brushed with butter or fat and baked. Apple and cherry were favorites.
Strudels were also made with a filling of cream, cottage cheese or cabbage or potatoes or
chopped liver or turnips or anything else that was available. The non-fruit strudels
frequently were served with soup. Sweet raised (yeast)
Strudels
with a filling of walnuts or poppy seeds (Mohn) and raisins and sugar were also made (try
making it in your bread machine; add grated lemon rind, Rum and cardamom for added flavor, and
roll and fill the dough after the first machine rising, rolling the finished strudel like a
jelly roll before baking). Thin egg and flour pancakes (crepes) called "Palatschinken" spread
with jam, rolled up and sprinkled with sugar were a dessert. When in Austria, that's how I end
every meal! I'd do it here if my wife and doctor would let me!
Sour cream was used in many ways, added to stews, soups or vegetable dishes. Naturally nothing
was ever wasted, and recipes were frequently adjusted to include what was available.
Baking was frequently done in outside ovens or ovens which were a part of a fireplace or tile
stove, fueled with wood. Wood was scarce and expensive, so baking days were designated to get
the maximum use of a hot oven. The "right" to gather fallen branches in a private wood lot
owned by others could be purchased and was jealously guarded. My grandmother Mühl's uncle was
one of the gamekeepers for a Draskovitch estate. One of his perquisites were all the tree
limbs that fell in a certain section of one of the Draskovitch woods. He shared these
gleanings with his widowed sister prior to her emigration. Robot service (prior to 1848) could
also provide peasants with the "right" to glean the nobles' fields and woods, but strict
penalties applied to those who stole grain or removed limbs or trees. Small twigs were tied in
bunches with string or straw and stacked next to the house or out building. A bunch was fed
into the fire whole to take the place of a log.
Bread most often contained rye flour. A general mix was half rye, half wheat, but one rye to
three wheat made a finer loaf. (I bake this in my bread machine today with caraway and fennel
seeds). Caraway ("Kümmel") seed was (and is) a popular addition to rye bread as it provides
flavor and combats the flatulence caused by rye flour. Moldy rye could and did cause
hallucinations. Some of the strange things that have occurred in Europe, such as witch hunts
and the "great cat massacre" have recently been attributed to such hallucinations. On
occasion, extremely wet weather would mold the grain, which would still be used, causing the
problem.
A
type of biscuit made from flour, potatoes and lard (sometimes pork crackling - Grammel),
called "Pogasa" or "Pogatscherl" in Hungarian, would keep for days and could be carried to the
fields or on journeys. These are still very popular among the descendants of the immigrants of
the Lehigh Valley of Pennsylvania. It's interesting that the name of these biscuits has been
corrupted in countless ways. I've heard dozens, everything from "Bogotchel" to "Gramelgasa" to
Potato Biscuits! I recently was served one in an ethnic restaurant in Coplay, PA. It cost
$1.25 per portion and was made with shortening instead of lard, but still tasty. They were
also frequently eaten with wine.
Donuts, "Fastnachts or "Krapfen", filled with jelly or unfilled, sprinkled with sugar were
very popular holiday items, especially before the start of Lent. "Kipfels", a crescent shaped
cookie (celebrating victory over the Turks, hence the crescent shape) or pastry made from
sweetened raised or cottage cheese dough and filled with ground nuts and sugar or prune butter
(Lekvar) or preserves were another holiday treat. Oranges were only seen at Christmas.
Imported food was for the nobility or those who were wealthy. Marzipan, candy made from sugar
and ground almonds, colored and made in the shape of nuts, fruits and flowers were a Christmas
treat as were gold and silver painted walnuts. Salt, tobacco and candles were a government
monopoly. Contracts (a franchise) were sold to merchants allowing them exclusive rights to
deal in these goods. High prices resulted. Lamp oil was also expensive. In the same way, the
price the small holder received for farm products was regulated by tariffs. He got it going
and coming! This just scratches the surface of ethnic Burgenland food. If interested further,
Austrian or Hungarian cookbooks will approximate some of this "peasant" or "kitchen" food.
Burgenländers, like the Viennese, borrowed the best of German, Hungarian and Croatian cuisine
along with some ideas from the Turks. Local Burgenland cookbooks, in German and using metric
measurements are available.
The problem with cookbooks, however, is that they tend to romanticize and embellish the
Burgenland peasant gustatory experience. For instance they invariably call for butter or
shortening or some imported spice or ingredient which was unavailable or prohibitively
expensive and who today would suggest the use of lard? The BG newsletter contains a good
recipe column in English. They sell the cookbook from which these recipes are taken. You
probably remember your own favorite ethnic dishes and probably still cook variations of them.
Some of the plain kitchen food is dying out, as the Burgenland lifestyle becomes more like
ours, as are the cooks who know how to prepare it.
More and more world-class food is appearing in Burgenland restaurants and homes, but a
Gasthaus will often offer some ethnic food on the pension menu or as a "regional specialty",
particularly strudels. A first class hotel we enjoyed in Baden (Austria) one day had plum
dumplings on the pension menu. I hadn't purchased a room with pension meals and I had to get
very aggressive to be served a portion! We also had a great potato strudel with Grammel and
sauerkraut in a Gasthaus in Graz, as well as a fine creamed pumpkin soup.
The small holder's life was constantly involved with food. The planting, raising and
harvesting of it, the feeding, care and butchering of animals, laboring in the vineyards,
carrying wheat and rye to the miller, turning cabbage into sauerkraut, grapes to wine, meat to
sausage and fruit to cider, preserves and schnapps. In addition they had the most difficult
task of deciding how much to sell (the Burgenland was always Vienna's garden) for much needed
cash for taxes,
clothing and necessities and how much to keep. A bad decision could be disastrous. Hard to
visualize in our day of salaries and supermarket abundance. This involvement with food was a
tradition that emigrants to America found hard to break. It wasn't until they became old and
feeble that my grandparents gave up this personal involvement with food in favor of the
supermarket. I still remember their grape arbor, the "back yard" kitchen garden, the wine
barrels and "Schnapps" still in the cellar, sauerkraut crocks and all kinds of canning and
live fowl. This didn't stop them from daily trips to the butcher, patronizing the local
produce hucksters or visiting the farmers' market, most of which would have been impossible in
the Burgenland.
I'll close with an old Burgenland prayer of Grace found in the Mühlgrabner cookbook
(with apologies for the literal translation):
Tischgebet
(prayer at mealtime)
Jedes Tierlein hat sein fressen,
(Every small animal has its feed)
jedes Blumlein trinkt von dir-
(every small flower drinks from you)
hast auch meiner nicht vergessen,
(you also have remembered my need)
lieber Gott, ich danke Dir!
(dear God, I thank you)
This article was slanted toward small-holder families. It does not cover what would have been
the diet norm for wealthier families. This can be found in publications like Gourmet's Old
Vienna Cookbook. It would be interesting to compare the two extremes. If someone has memories
on which to base such an article, I'd be most happy to publish it.
Sources:
- The personal kitchen cook books of the Burgenland emigrant Sorger family
- Various issues of the Burgenländische Gemeinschaft newsletter
- Mühlgrabner Koch und Backrezepte, 1996, Gröbnerdruck, Oberwart
- Grossman's Guide to Wines, Spirits and Beers, 1974, Scribners & Sons, NY
- Gourmet's Old Vienna Cookbook, L. L. Christensen, 1959, Gourmet Books, Inc.
- The Cuisine of Hungary, Lang, 1971, Bonanza Books
- All Along the Danube, Polvay, 1979, Prentice Hall
- The Paprikas Weiss Hungarian Cookbook, Weiss & Buchan, 1983, Crown Publishers
- The Cooking of Vienna's Empire, Wechsberg, 1968, Time-Life Books
- The Habsburg Monarchy as a Customs Union, Komlos, 1983, Princeton Univ. Press
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4) BURGENLAND EMIGRANT OBITUARIES
Gisela Lang (née Mayer)
Gisela
"Stella" Lang, 97, of Allentown, Pennsylvania, peacefully passed away on Thursday February 9,
2023. Stella was happily married to Karl Lang for 60 years prior to his passing in February
2008.
Born in Wallendorf, Austria, Stella met Karl and eventually moved the entire family to the
United States on Dec. 3, 1957.
Stella worked as a seamstress for many years and later owned and operated Stella's Tops. She
loved baking, painting and spending her winters in Florida. Stella was a member of Our Lady
Help of Christians Catholic Church in Allentown.
Surviving are her daughters: Charlotte M. Lang and Christine, wife of Brian X. Cunnigham. Son:
Karl Lang and his wife Michele. Grandchildren: Amanda, Joshua, Jayme and Kristen. Great
grandchildren: Anna and Molly. Stella was predeceased by her 4 brothers.
Services will be 11:00 AM on Wednesday February 15, 2023 in the O'Donnell Funeral Home,
Allentown. Calling Hours will be 10:00-11:00 AM in the Funeral Home. In lieu of flowers
contributions may be made to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.
Published by Morning Call on Feb. 12, 2023
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Margareta Collins (née Stampfel)
Margareta
Collins, age 90 of Oswego, Illinois, passed away surrounded by her loving family on Friday,
February 10, 2023 at Rush-Copley Medical Center in Aurora, IL.
Born on February 19, 1932 in Rajka (Ragendorf), Hungary, she was the daughter of the late Paul
and Theresia (Thullner) Stampfel.
Margareta was united in marriage to her former husband, Vendel Decsi, the father of her
daughters, Margaret and Ethel "Eddie" Decsi. She was later united in marriage to Russell
Collins, the father of her son, Rusty Collins.
Mrs. Collins was a parishioner of St. Peter's Catholic Church in Aurora, IL. She and husband,
Russ, enjoyed traveling extensively throughout Europe. Margareta was a talented seamstress by
profession and, given some fabric or a skein of yarn, she would also lovingly create beautiful
items for family and friends. She was a loving wife, mother, grandmother, great-grandmother,
sister and aunt who will be deeply missed by her family and friends.
Margareta is survived by her children, Margaret Caho of Oswego, IL, Ethel "Eddie" (Robert)
Buscher of Carlsbad, CA and Rusty (Ronessa) Collins of Gibraltar, MI; her grandchildren, Eric
(Julie Miller) Caho of Yorkville, IL, Heidi (Chris) Meyers of Yorkville, IL, Amanda (Jeffrey)
Sexton of Plano, IL, Bryce Buscher of Boston, MA, Preston Buscher of Carlsbad, CA, Riley,
Reese and Reanna Collins of Gibraltar, MI; her 9 great-grandchildren; her brother, Ludwig
(Ute) Stampfel of Lindau, Germany; and several nieces and nephews.
She was preceded in death by her parents, Paul and Theresia Stampfel; her husband, Russell
Collins; and her brother and his wife, Johann and Laura Stampfel.
A Funeral Mass will be held at 1:00 PM on Saturday, February 18, 2023 at St. Anne Catholic
Church, 551 Boulder Hill Pass, Oswego, IL. Interment will follow in Mt. Olivet Cemetery in
Aurora, IL. Friends may visit from 10:00 AM until 12:00 PM on Saturday, February 18, 2023 at
the Nelson Funeral Home, 1617 North Bridge Street, Yorkville, IL. Arrangements by Nelson
Funeral Homes & Crematory, www.NelsonFuneralHomes.com or (630) 553-7611.
Published by Kendall County Now on Feb. 16, 2023
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Gisela Turk (née Gossy)
Gisela
Turk, 92, of Lakeland, Florida, passed away peacefully and surrounded by loved ones on
February 17, 2023.
She was born to the late Frank and Irma (Gober) Gossy in Kohfidisch, Burgenland, Austria on
January 17, 1931.
Gisela immigrated to the U.S. as a young child and grew up in New Jersey with her family. She
married the love of her life, Joseph Turk, in 1950, and they enjoyed 58 years together.
Eventually, the couple moved to Florida with their young children.
Gisela is survived by four children, Patricia (Ken) Leavell, Joseph C. Turk, Diane Turk, and
Paul (Beth) Turk; and two siblings, Frank (Dot) Gossy and Bertha Baranowski.
She was a loving and cheerful grandmother of seven, great-grandmother of nine, and
great-great-grandmother of two.
Traveling, baking, reading, and visiting Disney World brought her joy. She will be remembered
as a gracious person who made others around her feel special, and she will be dearly missed.
Please join us in celebrating her life at St. Joseph's Catholic Church in Lakeland on Tuesday,
February 21, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. If making donations in lieu of flowers, please send them to
George C. Forsythe Hospice House in Auburndale, FL (450 Arneson Ave 33823). "Though he brings
grief, he will show compassion, so great is his unfailing love" (Lamentations 3:32). To send
flowers to the family of Gisela, please visit our floral store.
Published by Heath Funeral Chapel & Crematory on Feb. 18, 2023
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Maria Remenyi (née Geosits)
Maria
Remenyi, 92, of Hellertown, Pennsylvania, died Sunday, February 19, 2023 at Independence
Court, Quakertown.
She was the wife of Laszlo Remenyi, who died on February 1, 2022.
Maria was born in Szentpéterfa (Petrovo Selo/Prostrum), Hungary on December 18, 1930 to the
late Ferencz and Terez (Barilovits) Geosits.
She was a seamstress in the textile industry for many years. Maria was a member of St. Theresa
of the Child Jesus Roman Catholic Church, Hellertown.
Maria is survived by her loving children: Stephen L. (Debbie) Remenyi of Youngsville, NC,
Marianne (Mark) Yocum of Richlandtown; sisters: Anna (Dezso) Kerese of New Brunswick, NJ,
Paula Jurasits in Hungary; grandchildren: Leslie and Ashley, great grandchildren: Chloe and
Alexandra. Predeceased by siblings: Johanna, Stephen, Adolph, Louis, Mate, & Florian.
Family and friends are invited to her Mass of Christian Burial at 1 p.m. Friday, February 24,
2023 at St. Theresa's Parish, 1408 Easton Road, Hellertown. The interment will be at Union
Cemetery of Hellertown. Attendees are invited to a time of fellowship at the Carriage House at
Heintzelmans following the interment. To share an expression of sympathy with this family,
please visit www.heintzelmancares.com. Arrangements are by the Heintzelman Funeral Home, Inc.
– Hellertown. A special thank you for the support of the extraordinary care givers at
Independence Court, Quakertown.
Published by Morning Call on Feb. 22, 2023
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