1) THE PRESIDENT'S CORNER (by Tom Steichen)
This
month's random bits and pieces (Article 1) begins with two
requests for assistance, the first from a Master's student at Vienna University, who is
doing a research survey, and the second from a historian commissioned to create the
750th anniversary volume for the municipality of Großpetersdorf, Burgenland, and the 4
villages that are part of it, Welgersdorf, Kleinpetersdorf, Kleinzicken and Miedlingsdorf.
I'll give details below but both are worthy projects that need your support. We follow these
with yet another romp through Austrian SPÖ politics... things are getting interesting!
The next bit talks about a solar panel park going online, the first of what is expected
to be many such installations. From there, I report on the 250th anniversary of the
Reformed church in Oberwart, the oldest such church in Austria, and tell you something
about the use of artificial intelligence (AI) by FamilySearch. I close with a
job advertisement from the Austrian Consulate General in New York City.
Our regular tidbits include the monthly BB Facebook report, book
sales, no recipe (you should consider providing one!) and a cartoon.
The remaining articles are our standard sections: A Historical BB Newsletter
article, Ethnic Events and Emigrant Obituaries.
Vienna
University Student Needs Interview Subjects: Nikola Blagojevic, a Master's candidate
at Vienna University in the Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology,
needs digital interview subjects for a class project regarding Burgenland's natural
environment. I have confirmed that he is, in fact, a student there and that this is a
legitimate request. Therefore, I am asking you to assist him by participating. I will present
his request then add a few additional comments.
Nikola writes:
Dear BB members! I am a student at the University of Vienna conducting research on the
Perception of the Environment at the National Park Neusiedlersee-Seewinkel for my
ethnographic course. The research also encompasses the perception of the general environment
of Burgenland. Due to the intended digital methodology of this project, I wish to talk via
email with people from the United States who are affiliated with the Burgenland ecosystem in
some way.
As we know, nature is almost always intertwined with our lives, so I would like to hear about
your personal experiences or family stories related to Burgenland. In order to achieve this, I
have prepared a number of questions that can be answered by email. Of course, if there are
other things you would like to add or talk about in relation to Burgenland's environment,
please do so. My email address is niko.bvic@gmail.com.
Editor: Nikola's project centers on the Neusiedlersee and the
Seewinkel (but also includes the whole of Burgenland). Still, he has special
interest in those of you who are familiar with this part of Burgenland. He also has special
interest in BB members who live in Burgenland or frequently visit it. If you fit these
categories, please strongly consider responding. Nonetheless, participation by people
interested in other parts of Burgenland are needed.
Nikola has prepared nine questions, shown below, that he asks you to respond to. Please copy
these questions, paste them into an email, then provide written responses. Nikola provides
some guidance on the level of detail desired but you may respond as you see fit. Your
responses should be sent to: niko.bvic@gmail.com.
Nikola may have follow-up questions to clarify or expand answers.
(If you are unable to move the questions to an email, just write to Nikola and
ask him to provide them directly in an email.)
Also, according to data privacy laws and school policy, Nikola is required to obtain written
consent from each interviewee to be able to use your data, thus you will need to give your
consent. The University of Vienna provides a standard consent page and corresponding
privacy notice for this purpose, which I have translated to English. You can read them here:
Consent/Privacy. However, it is sufficient merely to acknowledge
that you have read and agree to these documents, so a one-sentence "consent to use data" has
been added to the bottom of the questions. Please fill in your name in the space provided and
send it with your answers when done.
Again, I strongly encourage you to respond.
Questions:
Part A: Please provide brief answers to these questions:
1. What is your relationship to Burgenland? That is, are you an emigrant or a descendant of an
emigrant, and, if so, when did the emigrant emigrate and from which village?
2. Why did you or your ancestors migrate to the US?
3. Have you ever visited Burgenland? If so, which parts and when?
4. What do you like the most about Burgenland?
Part B: Please provide moderate answers to these questions:
5. Please share any stories about Burgenland regarding its lifestyle and, if possible, about
the environment, either in the past prior to migration or in the present. For example, your
family stories and experiences.
6. Do you have any contact with any of the Burgenland residents today? If so, do you talk
about life and the environment in Burgenland? If so, please describe.
Part C: Please provide extended answers to these questions:
7. Taking into account the aforementioned questions about family history and life in
Burgenland, would you say that you feel connected to nature in Burgenland - in the
sense that you are familiar with how people perceived the environment and the role it played
in their lives, both past and present?
8. Do you know how people in Burgenland take care of their natural habitats? If so, please
describe.
9. Are you aware of how nature affects people, and do you know how they perceive the
environment in Burgenland today and in the past? For example, agriculture, economy, climate,
wildlife, tourism, water, and biodiversity. Please describe.
Consent to use data:
I (place your name here) have read the consent form and privacy
notice provided by the University of Vienna and hereby give my consent to use this
interview data under the conditions described.
Großpetersdorf
750th Anniversary Book: I recently received a request from Dr. Gerhard Baumgartner, a
historian from Vienna. He said that the municipality of Großpetersdorf will soon be
celebrating the 750th anniversary of its first documented existence, so wants to publish a
history of Großpetersdorf and the four villages belonging to it:
Welgersdorf, Kleinpetersdorf, Kleinzicken and
Miedlingsdorf. He has been commissioned to put together this volume (I have confirmed
this) and is looking for documents and photographs of all kinds of things relating to either
the history of the villages or the families that left for the USA, Canada, and South America.
He tells me that he has, so far, concentrated on finding relevant material in the Hungarian
archives, but he soon realized that the material about emigration is especially weak. He went
on to note that this especially true for Welgersdorf, a place where he has been led to believe
had many migrants to the US—apparently about 400—but
he says it is a lot of rumors with very few hard facts and very few photographs.
Therefore, he is requesting its emigrants and the descendants of its emigrants to provide
documentary materials, both for Welgersdorf and the other villages in the municipality. If you
have ancestral items related to the municipality... village and/or emigrant photos, passports,
travel documents, heirlooms, diaries, emigrant/emigration stories, etc., please consider
sharing these. Dr Baumgartner states that, "All materials will be archived digitally at the
city hall. If the owner agrees, some will be published on the city homepage and in the printed
volume in September. Owners of published materials will get a free copy of this book."
From this, it is evident that you will retain your original items and copyrights, as only
digital copies will be used in this project. And given that digital is how this will be done,
it is extremely important that the scans and photos be of as high quality as
possible.
Dr. Baumgartner's email address is
gerhard.baumgartner57@gmx.at. Please reach out to him for more details if you believe you
have materials of interest for this project.
This is another project for which I strongly encourage you to respond if you
have appropriate materials!
Power Struggle Continues In The Austrian SPÖ Party: Rhetoric flew again in early
March concerning the leadership of the Austrian federal SPÖ party. This round was set off by a
skirmish about the Burgenland SPÖ possibly discontinuing membership payments to the federal
SPÖ. The federal manager claimed that the Burgenland SPÖ no longer wanted to transfer
membership fees to the federal SPÖ while the Burgenland state director said "[he] obviously
misunderstood something here." And neither side has backed away from their positions on
this.
Federal SPÖ leader Pamela Rendi-Wagner quickly stated that she will not give in to the "sniper
mentality" and the "dirty methods" from Burgenland governor Hans Peter Doskozil's camp. She
characterized these "dirty methods" as “threats and intimidation” against party employees and
parliamentarians, and the "sniper mentality" as rumors spread from ambush.
The federal manager, Christian Deutsch, said he was confident that "all open questions
within the party could be clarified" at the Presidium meeting next week. But,
because Doskozil did not run for Presidium office at the last party conference (unlike
all other state party leaders), Doskozil needed a “personal invitation” to attend. Given that,
Rendi-Wagner sent him a letter requesting "in view of the current situation" that he
participate in the Presidium meeting. The governor replied that he will come to discuss
"future prospects for social democracy."
Many are viewing this meeting as a first direct showdown between Rendi-Wagner and Doskozil. It
follows the disappointing results for the SPÖ in the elections in Lower Austria and Carinthia
last month, which has put internal pressure on Rendi-Wagner.
One of the questions the Presidium could discuss is whether there will be an early
party congress. The congress is currently set for the 2024 election year and is when the party
leadership election takes place. Rendi-Wagner has said she definitely wanted to stand for
re-election at a party conference (whenever it is held). Doskozil has not stated if he is
ready to stand as a candidate (but recent comments by his predecessor, Hans Niessl, point in
that direction).
How such a duel could end is extremely difficult to estimate at this point, but pressure for
an early congress signals some discomfort with the current leadership. Both the Socialist
Youth and the Upper Austrian SPÖ have made demands for an early
congress. Tyrol's SPÖ Deputy Governor said that he "wanted to present his view of things
very clearly and unequivocally in the Executive Committee meeting." Upper Austria's party
leader, Michael Lindner, has suggested that the party leadership should be "clarified" at a
party conference after the April 23rd Salzburg election.
Rendi-Wagner has not spoken for or against an early party congress, nor has the Burgenland
SPÖ. It, however, has expressed a preference for a member survey on party leadership.
Rendi-Wagner conducted one in 2020 when there were no evident opposing candidates, thus
consolidated her position. Whether that would hold true today is in question.
Currently, the Austrian SPÖ Women, the Vienna SPÖ and the
Social Democratic Union (FSG) have expressed continued support for
Rendi-Wagner.
Mid-March update: It appears that the SPÖ party is heading for an early party
congress, rather than the member survey Doskozil prefers. In addition to the Presidium,
party chairman Pamela Rendi-Wagner has also scheduled a party Executive Board
meeting immediately after the Presidium. While the Presidium can discuss holding
a party congress, the Board makes the actual decision. If they do so, it must be held,
at the earliest, two weeks after the motion of the executive committee and, at the latest,
within two months. Thus, we may see a party congress between the end of March and mid-May.
Mid-March update follow-up: Much to my surprise, the result of the Executive
Board meeting was a decision to hold a member survey, not to
schedule a party congress. It was my belief (and reportedly generally assumed) that current
SPÖ leader Pamela Rendi-Wagner would prefer a special party congress because she would expect
to have more support among those high functionaries.
However,
a member survey pits Rendi-Wagner against Hans Peter Doskozil in a vote among all 140,000
party members about who should lead the party. This is a much more even battle ground.
The Board decision followed an announcement by Doskozil that he was applying for SPÖ
party chairmanship ...but only in the event of a member survey that supported him. I'm
speculating, but it seems the Presidium must have had some interesting discussions and
that the party Executive Board was more concerned about the leadership situation than I
previously thought. The exact procedural guidelines for the member survey will be determined
by the Presidium and both Rendi-Wagner and Doskozil said that it is clear that the
result is to be accepted by all (relegating a party congress vote to a formality only). Still,
it will be some interesting weeks leading up to the survey as each side lays out their
positions!
Sonnenpark Schattendorf Goes Online In May: Burgenland Energie has
completed its first photovoltaic (solar panel) park. It is in Schattendorf (Mattersburg
district) and all residents of the municipality can participate via an energy community.
The park is around 15 hectares (37 acres, ~27,000 photovoltaic panels) in size and will go
online May 1.
Both
households and companies of the municipality can subscribe (for free) to join the energy
community. As a member, they get a fixed price for the electricity produced and an average
household in Schattendorf is expected to save around 600 euros a year via the participation
model.
The park will produce electricity for at least 20 years and will cover around 30 percent of
the typical daily household requirement. If they add a storage system, this share will be
increased, as they can supply electricity for more hours, and costs for households will be
further reduced.
The Sonnenpark in Schattendorf is regarded as a pioneer, as Burgenland has been divided
into 270 energy communities and the participation model is to be rolled out throughout
Burgenland as more parks are created.
Reformed Church in Oberwart Celebrates Its 250th Anniversary: The oldest
standing Reformed church in Austria is celebrating its construction. On 10 January
1773, the first service was performed in the then-new church. Prior to it, the congregation
held services in a simple wooden church, but it asked Empress Maria Theresa several times for
permission to build a stone church. The process took about five years until permission was
granted to build the church, as the Habsburgs were not the great supporters of Protestantism.
Even
then, there were stipulations to downplay its status as a church. It had to be built more like
a granary than a church (no tower or steeple allowed then) and had to be set back far from the
street. Today, access remains via a one-lane Gasse (alley). It would only be with its
100th Anniversary that a tower and other internal improvements would be added.
The tower, when built, was adorned with an imperial double-headed eagle but a star replaced it
in 1907. The pulpit and hand-carved pews are still in their original state, and above the
pulpit is a pelican nourishing the young with its own blood.
The Reformed are Protestant Christians of the Helvetic/Swiss (Calvinist) Confession.
They do not trace their faith back to Martin Luther but to the reformers Johannes Calvin and
Ulrich Zwingli. There are about 15,000 Reformed Christians in Austria, with 1,500 of
them in Oberwart.
A special feature of the church is its bilingualism: services are held alternately in German
and Hungarian, keeping the Hungarian language and culture alive by the once ethnic-Hungarian
members. A Reformed Reading Society has existed for more than 130 years, intended to
revive and pass on the Hungarian language and culture. The church also has a dance group, a
choir and a theater group, all of which should be featured in events during the anniversary.
FamilySearch and AI: I've talked before about FamilySearch (and others)
transcribing records by use of artificial intelligence (AI). An example is the 1950 census,
where both FamilySearch and Ancestry.com quickly released transcriptions
of the census shortly after it was made available to the public. There is no denying that AI
made that process quicker... I doubt, though, that it made it more accurate.
However, both organizations have human projects underway to review and improve those
transcriptions, and there is reasonable belief that they will be improved. I've participated
on a small scale by reviewing and correcting the census entries for my own family, and I
suspect many other family genealogists have done similar things (if you haven't, I suggest you
look into doing so... it's easy!).
But back to FamilySearch... it has indexed more than 2.6 billion historical resources
and made them searchable for the public. However, more than 5 billion more documents—documents
already collected and converted to digital images—still need to be transcribed to make them
searchable in FamilySearch’s database. And they continue to add 1 to 2 million more
items every day, increasing the backlog.
With the development of artificial intelligence technology, there is the expectation that this
backlog can be worked off within five years. According to FamilySearch senior product
manager, John Alexander, “In just a couple of hours, the computer can index more than you
or I could do in a whole lifetime if we did nothing besides indexing for the rest of our
lives. So in terms of efficiency, it’s very fast."
Currently, it knows English, Spanish and Portuguese, with plans for Italian... but it takes
time to get a sophisticated transcribing AI up and running because it has to be taught and
trained. “When we show a computer the image, all it sees is ones and zeros—pixels. None of
that means anything to the computer,” Alexander said. “And so we have to train it
similar to the way we train or teach a child to read, we have to teach it each individual
letter and character, we have to teach it the way that pages are laid out, how each line is
distinct from the other, all of that takes time and training.”
Whenever AI gets involved, a common question is, “How accurate is it?”
“The computer does make mistakes,” Alexander said. “It might read the name of a
street and think that’s the name of the baby—things like that.”
But FamilySearch is committed to quality records, so records that don’t meet a certain
quality threshold are not published on the site. Quality-control volunteers review the AI's
work and a grade is given to the document based on accuracy. Too low and the index is not
published. This is done through a volunteer program on the “Get Involved” page on the
website, which allows volunteers to look through the indexed information to check for
accuracy. It shows what the AI has read and the volunteer can accept, deny or skip the
information. For this reason, computer automation isn’t going to replace volunteer indexers. “If
anything, we need more of them,” Alexander said.
Job
Opening at the Austrian Consulate in New York City: I received a note from the
Austrian Consulate asking that I post a job advertisement for them. They say that they are
"currently looking for an employee for consular affairs with a focus on citizenship"
and they provided a pdf file explaining the job responsibilities, required personal
qualifications, a description of what they offer to employees, and the type of application
data needed along with where to send it. A deadline of April 5th is indicated, so if you are
interested you should apply quickly.
The message to me was from Denise Weiershaus, Executive Assistant to the Consul General,
but the job notice does not say who to address your cover letter to. The job description also
indicates that "excellent knowledge of English and German (written and oral)" is a
requirement, so I will not translate it for you. You can read the notice here:
Stellenausschreibung Konsularsachbearbeiterin Schwerpunkt Staatsbürgerschaft.pdf
The
Facebook Bunch (from Vanessa Sandhu):
Greetings, Burgenland Bunch!
We have reached a monumental milestone this month in our Facebook group! We have
surpassed the 2,000 member mark! 2,003 to be exact! We are so blessed to have so many
wonderful friends assembled in one place to collaborate and research our shared heritage. We
look forward to welcoming many new members—come join us if you
haven’t already!
facebook.com//TheBurgenlandBunchOFFICIAL/
Our fabulous member, Martha Orlovits, has been busy creating more cemetery
albums for our group. This month, albums were shared for cemeteries in Langeck im
Burgenland (Oberpullendorf), Unterkohlstätten (Oberwart), and Glashütten bei
Schlaining.
Member Laura Mc has been working to upload Martha’s memorials to Find-A-Grave,
so these memorials will be more accessible to those searching for family members interred in
these particular villages. Laura has also recently added 891 memorials to the Apetlon
Friedhof cemetery on the Find-A-Grave site.
Member Helga Harter shared some very nice memories of her immigration to
America from Kirchfidisch. She and her twin sister Gerti came to the United States 60
years ago this month!
Member Fred Knarr shared lots of photos of treasures from Burgenland that
his family had carefully tucked away some 35 years ago. Moritz Wagner shared
some lovely vintage photos of his family, as well.
Member Ellie Wood is looking for some assistance. She writes “Would anyone be
willing to read a two page summary I wrote on the history of Neusiedler District in Burgenland
and verify its historical accuracy? I'm writing an extensive family history document on the
branches of my family that originally came from that area and am trying to include some
background information.” We didn’t have too much help to offer on this query, so we
thought that it might be helpful to see if any of our knowledgeable newsletter readers might
feel comfortable proofreading this document. If anyone can offer any assistance, please let me
know and I will be happy to put you in touch with Ellie.
CONNECTIONS:
Member Susan Buritz Braxton writes “I'm trying to research the Burits family
from Felsőkethely/Neumarkt im Tauchental. Most of my relatives list addresses at Nagymedves
and Kismedves (Großmürbisch/ Kleinmürbisch). Trying to find information about my
great-grandfather János [John] Burits, miller, born in Kethely [Neumarkt im Tauchental], lived
in Németcziklény [Eisenzicken] under number 29.”
Member Lisa Anderson Chelstrom writes “Hi All! My great grandfather is Paul
Wegleitner b. 1868 in Banfálu/Apetlon (father Matthia Wegleitner b. 1835, mother Katharina
Pitzel b. 1837). Both Paul and Katharina emigrated to Minnesota in the late 1800's. I am
planning a trip to Austria and Slovakia and would love to visit some of Burgenland, especially
Apetlon and Illmitz. If anyone has any suggestions I'd love to hear from you. I'd especially
like to try some of the Wegleitner wine, so if anyone has any pointers in those regards, let
me know! Thanks in advance!”
If anyone has any information to share with Susan or Lisa, please email me at
HooftyRN@msn.com.
Wishing you all a happy and healthy month to come! Take care!
Vanessa
Update
for book "The Burgenländer Emigration to America": Here is this month's update on
purchases of the English issue of the 3rd edition of Dr. Walter Dujmovits' book "Die
Amerika-Wanderung Der Burgenländer."
Current total sales are 1717 copies, as interested people purchased 4 more books during this
past month.
As always, the book is available for online purchase at a
list price of $8.89 (which is the current production charge for the book, as we
purposely choose not to make a profit so we can avoid dealing with the income tax
consequences and so you can obtain the book at as low a cost as possible!), plus tax &
shipping. Unfortunately, the price above is somewhat higher than in previous months, as our
on-demand publisher, Lulu, recently raised is printing prices by 9.5%, meaning we must
charge more. See the BB homepage for a link to the
information / ordering page and for information about current discounts (there is at least one
discount on price or shipping available most of the time... if not, wait a few days and there
will be one!).
The book is an excellent read for the Burgenländers in your family.
Burgenland Recipes: No recipe this month. Can you share
one?
Note:
Our recipes sortable list has links directly to the recipes or
food-related articles published in our past newsletters. You can access the list by clicking
our recipe box (to the right). Thanks to the contributions of our members over the years, we
have quite a collection of Burgenland recipes, some with several variations.
However, whenever we use up our unpublished recipes, this recipe section will become dormant.
So, if you have a favorite family recipe, please consider sharing it with us. We will be happy
to publish it. Our older relatives, sadly, aren't with us forever, so don't allow your
favorite ethnic dish to be lost to future generations.
You can send your recipe to BB Recipes Editor,
Alan Varga. Thanks!
Cartoon of the Month: (a variation on one I ran a while back)
|
3) HISTORICAL BB NEWSLETTER ARTICLES
Editor: This is part of our series designed to recycle interesting articles from the
BB Newsletters of 10 years ago. This month I chose to rerun one that is directed mostly
at members who have joined since it was first published, as it has lots of information about
the records available for research that affect Burgenland. And perhaps the rest of us could
use a reminder also! The article has been lightly updated with current information.
THE BURGENLAND BUNCH NEWS No. 230
March 31, 2013
AVAILABILITY OF BURGENLAND RECORDS
Although it has been discussed piecemeal in various BB Newsletters, I thought it worthwhile to
gather together the information about Burgenland's genealogical records.
As you may know, Roman Catholic parishes were first required, by order of the Council of
Trent, to keep baptism records in 1563. It would not be until 1614, that marriage and
burial records would also be required. Prior to this, no universal system existed to record
vital records (births, marriages and deaths), especially as it pertained to common folk. Even
the (sparse) surviving records of the nobility only reach back to the early 1400s and they
seldom recorded any vital information about the common folk. After the Catholic decree in
1563, other denominations quickly followed in the 1500s with their own formal and mandated
recording systems.
Thus, the church registers, the recording of births/christenings, marriages, and
deaths/burials (later also first communions, confirmations and conversions), are generally the
earliest available records in Europe. The oldest such church registers in the territory that
became Burgenland date from 1613, but the actual earliest entries in the registers of
most parishes were made in the 1686-1740 time period. This occurred because much of
Hungary was under Ottoman/Turkish rule from 1526 until 1686, and the remaining parts of West
Hungary were under constant threat or attack. Almost certainly, some of the initial records in
Burgenland were destroyed when villages were wiped out during the last Turkish siege of
Vienna. In addition, the Kurruzen Wars (Hungarian revolution of 1602) destroyed many records
in southern Burgenland.
It should be noted that Hungary successfully forced the ruling Habsburgs, at the Peace of
Linz in 1645, to recognize four religions: Catholicism, Lutheranism, Calvinism, and
Unitarianism. Each of these denominations determined separately when recording would start.
However, since Unitarianism is identified only with the Hungarian minority in Transylvania, it
had no known parishes in the Burgenland area.
Of those denominations of interest to Burgenland, here are the details:
• Roman Catholic: Most Roman Catholic records begin shortly after the Turks were forced
to leave in 1686.
• Greek Catholic: In the 1600s, Orthodox ethnic groups agreed to accept the
jurisdiction of the pope while retaining Orthodox liturgy and ritual, this compromise accepted
in order to gain legal status and its accompanying freedoms and benefits. The resulting
Uniate churches were called Greek Catholic. Most Greek Catholic parishes began keeping
registers in the mid 1700s.
• Reformed: Calvinist Protestantism became the dominant religion of Hungarians
in the late 1500s. The keeping of Reformed (Calvinist) church registers began in the
early 1700s after the Turks were replaced by the Christian Austrian government.
• Lutheran: Lutheranism was accepted by many Germans in Hungary at about the same time
Calvinism was adopted by the Hungarians. Their church registers begin in the early 1700s with
the departure of the Turks. Lutheran records, for the most part, are located in the churches.
During the Nazi era, some were photocopied (the records show stamps to that effect) and may be
in Lutheran Archives.
• Jewish: Not recognized as a religion until 1781, Jews were required to keep records
of births, marriages, and deaths in German, under Catholic supervision, beginning in 1788.
However, because these records were also required for conscription and taxation purposes, Jews
often evaded registration. Most Jewish communities did not actually start keeping records
until the practice was again codified into law in 1840. In 1885, the Hungarian Royal
Ministry of Cults required Jewish vital births, marriages, and deaths to be recorded in
vital registers that included several congregations in a sub-district rather than in registers
for each individual congregation. Exceptions were allowed when individual congregations paid
to have their own registrar.
• Roma (Gypsy): Technically not a religion, Roma did not internally keep records
of births, marriages, and deaths and avoided reporting such to external authorities. They were
frequently banned, deported or forced to assimilate by various Hungarian governments. Empress
Maria Theresa banned Roma marriages in the mid-1700s and ordered Romani children to be taken
away from their parents. Emperor Joseph II prohibited use of the Romani language in 1783. Due
to these measures, the Roma were largely assimilated into the larger society by the 19th and
20th centuries, so no separate record systems, then or now, exist.
Thus these dates reflect the earliest point where you can expect to find church
records... and it would be unreasonable to assume you can go back further.
In 1730, Hungarian Catholic priests were ordered to record non-Catholic vital events in their
church register books and a new format for the records was introduced in 1771.
In 1781, the Emperor Joseph II issued the Toleration Patent, which recognized
Protestantism and Judaism throughout the Empire.
In 1784, still under Joseph II, regulations for keeping records were implemented. The key
regulations are outlined below.
• Catholic priests were to function as civil registrars for non-Catholics: Catholic
priests kept the official vital records for other religious groups, such as Jews, Lutherans
and Orthodox. These other faiths sometimes kept their own records, but the records were not
state documents. (However, over time, each of these religious groups was granted official
record keeper status by the Austrian government.)
• Records were to be kept in Latin: Thus, one must be careful regarding names and
languages found in the records. First names were usually translated into Latin and surname
spellings sometimes adapted to be "more natural" in Latin.
• Records were to be kept in columnar format: It means that all the information is
written in columns, making it comparatively easy to read and search the records. It also means
that foreign language is less of a problem, requiring only a few key words to be learned.
(Compare this to the paragraph format which requires the researcher to pick out the main
information from long complicated sentences and to stumble through a larger vocabulary and
complex grammar.)
• Each type of vital record was to be kept in separate registers: The Catholic
priest was to keep three separate registers for each event in the parish: births/baptisms,
marriages, and deaths. Furthermore, each village in the parish was to be identified in the
records. Thus, it is important that a researcher know the parish his/her ancestor came
from. If the researcher knows only the village name, he/she will have to identify the parish
the village belonged. The BB, of course, provide this information for villages in Burgenland
on its website. For other villages, consult a good gazetteer from the time of interest. Having
parish records, as opposed to village records, is generally a good thing for a researcher. If
an ancestor moved from village to village, so long as the new village was in the same parish,
the vital records would still be bound together. Of course, ancestors could have moved to a
neighboring parish. Thus it is a good idea to become familiar with the geography of the region
and learn all of the parishes in the immediate area.
• Copies of the records were to be made and forwarded to the Bishop: A copy of the
birth/baptismal and marriage records was to be made by the priest so that one copy could be
transferred to the Bishop’s Consistory. This operation was extended to death registers
in 1836. This Austrian mandate was done for tax and military conscription purposes. (These
copies, commonly called the Bishop’s copy or the duplicate copy, are one reason
records from the area have survived, since two copies would need be destroyed to completely
lose the records.)
Despite these 1784 regulations, Protestants in Hungary were authorized by 1787 to keep their
registers independent of Catholic control.
The LDS (Mormon Church) microfilmed most of today's Burgenland church records (all
faiths) that were available in archives in Budapest (mostly 1828-1895). Consult the LDS
website, https://www.familysearch.org, or the BB
LDS webpage,
http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org/LDS/LDS.htm, to find the film numbers.
A few years ago, the Eisenstadt Catholic Diocese initiated a project to digitally copy all of
their records and make them available online at
https://matriken.at/en (fee required). Currently, 86 of the 172 parishes are complete; see
site for available parishes and years).
As noted above, the beginning of Civil Registrations in 1895 ended the period where
Church records, though still kept, were also official state records.
A small number of these record sets (church and civil) have been transcribed and are available
on the BB website here:
Burgenland
Church and Civil Records. In addition, FamilySearch has indexed many record sets so
they can be digitally searched. Initially, it was predominantly Catholic birth records that
were indexed. However with the recent AI transcription capability, Lutheran birth records are
being indexed as well as marriage and death records from both faiths.
In addition, the Lutheran Church in Austria has initiated a project to digitally film all of
their records, but no date has been given for when the first of these will be available.
Other records: Church records and nobility archives are not the only sources of
records. However, other records often must be accessed on-site in Burgenland or via websites
other than our BB site.
• Wills. Started in Hungary around 1700. They include the name and age of
testator, names of heirs (heirs in most cases are family members or close relatives), date and
place of will, and description of the estate. Some of these earliest documents survive but,
generally, wills were not written by the common folk. Available wills are in the Hungarian
State Archives.
• Tax books. Were also begun about 1700. They include the name and residence of
the property owner, a description of real property, and the amount of tax paid. For 1700 to
1900, these records are in the Hungarian State Archives; since 1900, city and county archives
hold the tax records.• Land registration records (Urbariums / tax
appraisals). Covers 1715-1945 and includes the name of the property owner or head of family
and sometimes names of family members. For 1715 to end of 1800, these records are in the
Hungarian State Archives; since 1800, in local county archives and courthouses.
Some of the Urbarium images are available online:
1715 Urbarium (Vas county is not in the available images)
1720 Urbarium
1767 Urbarium
1828 Urbarium
Some of the Urbariums are also available on LDS microfilm #'s 1506129 (Moson Co, 1715),
1529556 (Sopron Co, 1715), 1529570-1529571 (Vas Co, 1720) and 1529572 (Moson and Sopron Co's,
1720).
• Land records and deeds (Intabulations Bucher). Covers 1750-1945 and
includes names of landowners and successors, location and description of property, and date of
document. For 1750 to 1850, these records are in the Hungarian State Archives; since 1850, in
local county archives.
• Poorhouse and hospital records. Covers 1873-1920 and includes name, age,
residence, and occupation of patient and names of parents. These records are generally not in
usable order but can be found in local county archives.
• Census Records. There are two censuses of interest to Burgenland:
1) The 1828 Hungarian Census, a land and property census with conscription information.
Written in Latin, it gives names only of property owners with very little information about
the household; Moson County can be found on LDS film #'s 0623058-0623060; Sopron County is
found on film #'s 0623111-0623116; and Vas County is on film #'s 0623007-0623014. Consult the
film notes at
https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/231564 to determine the film a particular
village is on.
An index and extraction of the listed names for Sopron County is available online from LDS
here (the link is hidden due to its length). A similar index and extraction for Moson
County is available from LDS on film # 1573238 (Item 18). Vas County has not yet been indexed
or extracted.
2) The 1848 Hungarian Census of the Jews, a Jewish household census. Written in
Hungarian, it gives names, ages and specific birthplaces of all members of the household.
Moson County can be found on LDS film # 719825; Vas County is on film # 719827, Sopron County
is not available but the free city of Sopron is on film # 719823.
• Civil Registration records. Began in 1895 and go through the present. Digital
copies up to 1920 are available online via the LDS FamilySearch.org link given
here (the link is hidden due to its length). These can also be accessed from the BB
website. Newer records are at the civil registrars' offices in the town halls, with duplicates
in the local county archives. However, the more recent records are available only to immediate
family members. Church records, though still kept, were no longer official state records.
• Ellis Island Passenger records. Covers 1892 to 1954. I prefer to search them
for specific surnames or lists of all surnames from a particular village by using Stephen
Morse's gold form found at:
http://stevemorse.org/ellis2/ellisgold.html. Be sure to consider spelling variations and
Hungarian names for villages.
BB Records. The Burgenland Bunch website has a number of resources that can
document the existence of a family name in a particular village at various times. Among these
are:
• The BB Surnames Pages at
http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org/Surnames/surnames.html, which contain surnames
connected to villages and to emigrant destinations. Some entries contain substantial detail.
• The BB Village History files at
http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org/V_Histories/VH_Frame.htm. While we do not have a
village history page for every village, and some we do have are quite thin, it is a source you
should try to look at for your village. Selected ones contain surnames from various historical
records.
These histories are courtesy of various BB staff members who translated and summarized
information from various sources, including:
- Josef Loibersbeck: Um Hirschenstein und Plischa. In: Volk und Heimat 1962
- Harald & Leonhard Prickler: Hoheitszeichen der kroatischen Gemeinden des Burgenlandes.
Eisenstadt 1997
- More Hungarian Border Villages from Gyor-Moson-Sopron County (from Hizi Atlas)
- Leuchs Adressbuch, Band 18: Ungarn, Kroatien und Slavonien, 1899-1904, 9.Ausgabe
- Magyar Katolikus Lexikon (Hungarian Catholic Encyclopaedia)
- Dr. Josef Loibersbeck's series "Um den Eisenberg", published in "Volk und Heimat"
- Handbuch der Historischen Stättten Österreich, 1970
- Father Gratian Leser's articles in the "Güssinger Zeitung," 1928
- Extractions from various village "Chroniks"
• The BB Houselist pages,
http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org/HouseList/HouseLists2.htm, give a snapshot in time
(usually around 1856-8) of names of property owners.
• The BH&R (Burgenländers Honored and Remembered) sister-site (http://www.the-burgenland-bunch.org/BH&R/home.htm)
contains useful data about over 27,000 emigrants from Burgenland, including their village of
origin and place of burial.
• In addition there are various village-specific items available on the
BB website such as Father Graisy's book about the History of the houses of Wallern (see
Wallern in der
Geschichte seiner Häuser), BB Member Ed Malesky's extracts of
Select Krobotek Church Records, and the
Emigration & Deportation
Lists from villages Schandorf, Balf and Pornoapati.
While I'm sure I've missed some potential Burgenland genealogical records, the above list
should identify most of them. If you are aware of an additional source of information,
please send me a note with details so I can add it to our BB bag of genealogical tricks!
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4) BURGENLAND EMIGRANT OBITUARIES
Maria Egresits (née Wild)
Maria
Egresits, 90, of Enhaut, Pennsylvania, died Saturday, February 25, 2023 at the home of her
daughter, Marianna, in Oberlin.
She was the widow of Lawrence Egresits.
Born in Kópháza (Koljnof/Kohlnhof), Hungary on March 16, 1932, she was a daughter of the late
Julius and Anna (Grubics) Wild.
She was a former seamstress at the Deborah Dress Co., Steelton and a member of Prince of Peace
Roman Catholic Parish, Steelton. She enjoyed walking, flowers, and Kit Kat candy bars.
Surviving are two daughters, Monica E. O'Neill and husband, Joe of Springfield and Marianna
Aldridge and husband, Ken of Oberlin; three grandchildren, Dana Cooper and husband, Andre of
Enhaut, Daniel Dutcavich and wife, Megan of Lewisberry, and Tim O'Neill and wife, Jennifer of
Philadelphia; 12 great-grandchildren, Alexa and husband, Charles IV, AJ, Alijah, Aiden,
Dominic, King, Savy, Micah, Creed, Drake, Sloane, and Willow Maria.
Funeral Services will be held on Monday, March 6, 2023 at 11:00 am in Wiedeman Funeral Home &
Cremation Services, 357 South Harrisburg St., Oberlin with Rev. Jonathan P. Sawicki, her
Pastor, officiating. Burial will be in Holy Cross Cemetery. A viewing will be held on Monday
from 10:00 am until 11:00 am in the funeral home. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions
may be made to Prince of Peace Roman Catholic Parish, 815 S. Second St., Steelton, PA 17113 or
Homeland Hospice, 2300 Vartan Way, Suite 270, Harrisburg, PA 17110. www.pennlive.com/obits
Published by Patriot-News from Feb. 27 to Mar. 2, 2023
Hedvig Takacs (née Venci)
Hedvig
Takacs, 84, of Medinah, Illinois passed away unexpectedly on February 26, 2023.
Hedvig ("Heidi") was born on February 8, 1939 to Joszef and Maria Venci in Horvátlövö (Hrvatske
Sice/Kroatisch Schützen), Hungary.
On December 9, 1956 at the age of 18, she escaped Hungary with her cousin on foot in the dead
of night following the Hungarian Revolution. Her heroic journey to freedom took her from
Hungary to a refugee camp in Austria, where she resided before finally arriving in America
with the help of her great uncle George Pock. Despite not knowing any English, Hedvig
established herself in America working in Chicago as a nanny and, later, at Hammond Organ
Company. She was proud to become an American citizen. In Chicago, she met and later married
the love of her life Geza Takacs on December 31, 1962, who also was a refugee from the
Hungarian Revolution. Their marriage endured for 45 years until Geza's passing in 2007.
Hedvig cared deeply about her roots and traveled back to Hungary many times. She never forgot
her family and missed her homeland. She was fluent in three languages and attended business
school while still in Hungary. She was a stalwart and tenacious woman who devoted herself
selflessly to her precious family, lovingly sacrificing all her time in their support. Her
love of God and nature permeated every aspect of her life. She conquered cancer 40 years ago
after being given 3 months to live relying on natural immunity-boosting therapies alone, and
her story has saved people's lives, giving many hope that a cancer diagnosis is not a death
sentence. In 2019, Hedvig suffered a stroke. Her tenacity and strong will to live led to a
full recovery, again inspiring others to never give up on their body's ability to heal. She
was a beacon for healthy living before it became the trend. Her wisdom has been passed on to
her daughters, who continue to champion her cause that health solutions exist outside
conventional medicine. Hedvig led an independent life to the very end, peacefully living in a
forest that she lovingly planted with native wildflowers. She was a natural-born
horticulturist, collecting and proliferating flora from all her earthly travels. She loved
being outdoors and enjoyed bird-watching. She had a great sense of style and an eye for
design, and she had the gift of making everything she touched look beautiful. Hedvig's
greatest joy in life was her family, especially her grandchildren, and she treasured every
moment they had together. She was the rock of the family and their hero, and will be sadly
missed and lovingly remembered.
Hedvig is the devoted mother of Cynthia Takacs Csato and Melody Takacs, beloved mother-in-law
of Peter Csato, loving grandmother of Xavier Takacs Csato and Makoa Takacs Aweau, and
cherished sister of Steven Venci.
A visitation will be held on Sunday, March 12, 2023 from 1 to 5 p.m. at Countryside Funeral
Home located at 333 South Roselle Rd (½ mile S. of Irving Park Rd) in Roselle, Illinois 60172
beginning with a rosary service. Prayers Monday, March 13, 2023 at 9:15 am at the funeral home
to St. Walter's Catholic Church, located at 130 W. Pine St., Roselle, Illinois 60172 at 10:00
am. Interment Maryhill Cemetery, Niles, IL.
Published by Daily Herald on Mar. 6, 2023
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